CH2 - Chemistry of Life

Question 1

pH

Answer 1

A measurement system that indicates the concentration of H+ ions in a solution.

Question 2

acid

Answer 2

A solution that has a high concentration of H+ ions.

Question 3

base

Answer 3

A solution that has a low concentration of H+ ions.

Question 4

buffer

Answer 4

Weak acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent sudden changes in pH.

Question 5

polymerization

Answer 5

This is when large molecular compounds are built by joining smaller ones together.

Question 6

monomer

Answer 6

Single molecular compounds.

Question 7

polymer

Answer 7

Large molecular compounds made of smaller units, or monomers.

Question 8

carbohydrate

Answer 8

The main source of energy for living organisms made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecules.

Question 9

monosaccharide

Answer 9

Single sugar molecules, such as glucose, fructose, or galactose.

Question 10

polysaccharide

Answer 10

Large sugar molecules, such as glycogen or plant starch.

Question 11

lipid

Answer 11

Fats, oils, or waxes that are used by organisms for activities such as storing energy.

Question 12

nucleic acid

Answer 12

Macromolecules used for storing and transmitting genetic information, examples include DNA and RNA.

Question 13

Protein

Answer 13

Large macromolecules made of amino acids that are responsible for growth and other chemical processes in living organisms.

Question 14

chemical reaction

Answer 14

The transformation of one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals.

Question 15

reactant

Answer 15

The set of chemicals entering a chemical reaction.

Question 16

product

Answer 16

The set of chemicals leaving a chemical reaction.

Question 17

activation energy

Answer 17

The energy needed to get a chemical reaction started.

Question 18

enzyme

Answer 18

A protein that performs different tasks such as cutting, binding, speeding up chemical reactions, etc.

Question 19

atom

Answer 19

Basic unit of matter

Question 20

ion

Answer 20

An atom with a net positive or negative charge due to the gain or loss of electrons

Question 21

ionic bond

Answer 21

A chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Question 22

covalent bond

Answer 22

A chemical bond formed when electrons are shared between atoms

Question 23

polypepitide

Answer 23

A large number of amino-acids bonded together in a chain, forming part of (or the whole of) a protein molecule

Question 24

amino acids

Answer 24

Building blocks of proteins, there are 20 of them.

Question 25

catabolism

Answer 25

The enzymatic action that breaks apart large molecules.

Question 26

anabolism

Answer 26

The enzymatic action that can build up large molecules.