Photosynthesis

Question 1

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 1

process by which green plants+other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from CO2 and H2O

Question 2

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 2

CO2+H2O+light== glucose+O2

Question 3

How does the amount of wavelenghts affect efficicny

Answer 3

Light is broken down into multiple wavelengths, the more wavelenths absorbed=more efficient photosynthesis

Question 4

What is a pigment?

Answer 4

Any compound that absorbs light

Question 5

Where are pigments found?

Answer 5

In the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Question 6

What are the pigments and their characteristics?

Answer 6

Chlorophyll A- main pigment, absorbs indigo and red wavelengths, reflects green
Chlorophyll B- accessory pigment, absorbs blue+red, reflects green
Carotenoids- accessory organs, absorbs blue+green, reflects orange+reds

Question 7

Why do leaves turn different colours in autumn?

Answer 7

After summer, plants stop producing chlorophyll beacsue theyre tired, so coratenoids, which has been originally covered, now ar emore prominent and can reflect the orange and red

Question 8

What is oxidation?

Answer 8

A reaction in which a molecule loses and electron and loses energy

Question 9

What is reduction?

Answer 9

A reaction in which a molecule gains an electron + gains energy

Question 10

What is metabolism?

Answer 10

a series of chemical reactions that occur within an organism

Question 11

What is a catabolism?

Answer 11

break down larger molecules into smaller ones

Question 12

What is an anabolism?

Answer 12

synthesizes larger molecules from smaller ones

Question 13

What are the 3 main energy containing molecules?

Answer 13

ATP= main energy source for cells, ATP turns into ADP+P, using enrgy
NADPH- electron donor in energy transfers, NADPH turns into NADP+H, e. creates enrgy
GLucose- transports molecule for stored energy, must be broken down

Question 14

What are the 2 phases of photosynthesis?

Answer 14

1. Light dependant– occurs in thylacoid, — light+H2O creates O2, ATP, NADPH
2. Light independent, occurs in stroma— CO2+ATP+NADPH—glucose

Question 15

What is the process of light dependant photosynthesis?

Answer 15

• Occurs in the photosystem 2

1. An electron gets excted by sunlight, bounces to top of photosystem
2. the elctron gets repleaced ny photolysis, which is a break down of H2O into H, O2, and an electron
3. the electron is passes through the electron transfer chain. Each bounce creates ATP and H, the H then helps with chemiosmosis. Eevry bounc eis osxidation and reduction
4. 2nd electron is energized by sunlight in the photosystem 1
5. 1st electron replaces it
6. electron moves down 2nd ETC
7. NADP gets turned into NADPH, the H comes from ETC or H2O break down

Question 16

What is chemiosmosis?

Answer 16

A light dependant reaction, a process for synthesizing ATP using energy of an electrochemucal gradient and an ATP synthase enzyme

1. H ions are pumped into thylakoid lumon by the ETC through active transport
2. This creates an electrochemical gradient where there are more H inside, and less outside
3. H ions can only escape through ATP synthase
4. when H ions pass through ATP synthase, ASP which is just floating there, is reduced into ATP

Question 17

What are light independant reactions?

Answer 17

1. CO2 fixation
2. reduction of PGA to form PGAL
3. replacing RuBP

Question 18

What is the light independent reaction phase of photosynthesis?

Answer 18

The calvin benson cycle

Question 19

What is the process of the calvin benson cycle?

KNOW DIAGRAM< THERES A DIFFERENCE

Answer 19

1, CO2 fixation- co2 becomes chemically tuned to ruBP , uses enzyme rubisco

2. reduction- c3/PGA becomes reduced by ATP+NADPH
3. reducing RuBP, some PGAL are also reformed into RuBP, requires ATP

Question 20

What is the total formula for phorosyntehsis?

Answer 20

CO2+H2O+light= O2+glucose