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Cell Biology > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is photosynthesis atom tracking?

A

18-O is traces in plants and it’s location is viewed to observe photosynthesis.

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2
Q

What is the Light Reaction?

A

12H2O + Light Energy -> 6O2 + 18ATP + 12NADPH+ + 12H+

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3
Q

What is the Dark Reaction?

A

6O2 + 18ATP + 12NADPH+ + 12H+ -> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 18ADP + 18NADP+

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4
Q

What are the particle properties in terms of waves?

A

Photons possess energy.

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5
Q

What is the relationship between energy and wavelength?

A

Energy is inversely proportional to wavelength.

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6
Q

What kind of light drives photosynthesis?

A

Visible light.

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7
Q

What is the definition of a Pigment?

A

A substance that absorbs visible light.

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8
Q

What are the properties of pigments?

A

Pigments are wavelength specific and are the color of the wavelength it does not absorb (reflects).

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Chlorophyll A?

A
  • Blue/Green

- Reaction center pigment

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of Chlorophyll B?

A
  • Yellow/Green

- Antennae pigment

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11
Q

What are Carotenoids?

A

Lipids found in the thylakoid membrane.

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of Carotenoids?

A
  • Yellow/Orange
  • Provide photoprotection by absorbing harmful wavelengths of light to prevent chlorophyll damage
  • Act as antennae pigments
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13
Q

In terms of photosynthesis, what does the absorption spectra exhibit?

A

It shows the wavelengths of light that are absorbed best by each pigment.

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14
Q

In terms of photosynthesis, what does the action spectra exhibit?

A

It shows the wavelengths of light that best drive photosynthesis.

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15
Q

What does the Englemenn’s Graph exhibit?

A

The graph indirectly shows which wavelength of light best drives photosynthesis by visualizing where bacteria that require Oxygen will congregate.

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16
Q

What is the benefit of having multiple pigments?

A

Diversification of wavelength acceptance.

17
Q

What causes Fluorescence?

A

Fluorescence is caused by the excitation of isolated chlorophyll meaning energy is lost. The lost energy is exhibited as light.

18
Q

How is ATP produced in photosystems?

A

Electron acceptors trap excited electrons and use them to create ATP energy.

19
Q

What is a photosystem composed of?

A
  • Chlorophyll A
  • Chlorophyll B
  • Carotenoids
  • Proteins
  • Reaction Center (Chlorophyll A)
20
Q

At what wavelength do Photosystem II (P680) Chlorophyll A absorb maximally?

A

680 nm

21
Q

At what wavelength do Photosystem I (P700) Chlorophyll A absorb maximally?

A

700 nm

22
Q

Where are electrons accepted from?

A

The Electron Transport System (ETS)

23
Q

What is the definition of Photophosphorilation?

A

The production of ATP through Chemiosmosis in plant cells.

24
Q

What occurs in Non-Cyclic photosynthesis

A

Light hits Photosystem II and an electron is accepted and taken to Photosystem I. ATP is produced during this pathway. Then light hits Photosystem I where the electron will produce NADPH.

25
Q

What occurs in Cyclic Photosynthesis?

A

The primary electron acceptor in Photosystem I cycles the electrons back through the electron transport chain to continuously produce ATP.

26
Q

What are the main components of the Calvin Cycle (Dark Reaction)?

A
  • Carbon Fixation via RuBisCo
  • Reduction of 3-PGA
  • Regeneration of RuBP
  • Produces cell material
27
Q

What is Photorespiration?

A

A metabolic pathway that consumes Oxygen, releases Carbon Dioxide, decreases photosynthetic output, and produces no net ATP.

28
Q

Why does Photorespiration occur?

A

-Stomata close on hot, dry sunny days to help retain Water but at the expense of inhibiting gas exchange. Thus the Calvin Cycle becomes starved for Carbon Dioxide and this process is undergone.

29
Q

In what does Photorespiration occur primarily?

A

C3 plants.

30
Q

Where do Photoautotrophs get Carbon and Energy from?

A

Carbon comes from CO2 while energy comes from sunlight.

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