Photosynthesis

Question 1

Basic equation

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 2

2 steps

Answer 2

step 1: light-dependent reaction
step 2: light-independent reaction (Calvin Cycle, carbon fixation)

Question 3

Light-dependent reaction (part 1)

Answer 3

needs light to occur, occurs in thylakoid membrane, converts energy from sunlight into chemical energy

Question 4

Light-independent reaction (part 2)

Answer 4

does not need light, uses chemical energy to convert CO2 into a sugar; occurs in stroma

Question 5

What does each part produce?

Answer 5

In part 1, water produces oxygen, ATP generated

In part 2, carbon dioxide produces glucose

Question 6

Key parts of light-dependent

Answer 6

Take in energy from sunlight
Use H2O to create O2 (splitting of water releases oxygen)
Electron flow provides energy to synthesize ATP

Question 7

Key parts of light-independent

Answer 7

3 steps -
1: fixation of carbon dioxide (rubisco catalyzes this reaction)
2: reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to G3P (done by adding hydrogen), ADP to ATP, glucose production
3: regeneration of RuBP from G3Pee, ATP back to ADP (starting molecule)

Question 8

RUBISCO

Answer 8

an enzyme that catalyzes the “fixation” of CO2 → most abundant protein on Earth; critical component of the Calvin Cycle

Question 9

What occurs in Calvin Cycle?

Answer 9

ATP transfers energy that is stored in high energy phosphate bonds (has 3 phosphate groups)

NADPH has power to “reduce” → transfers energy (and an electron) to the carbon compound on its way to becoming a sugar

Question 10

Why is nitrogen so important?

Answer 10

key component of chlorophyll, which is the compound by which plants use sunlight energy to produce sugars; also a major component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins