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NAT101 > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

the process by which plant, some bacteria, and some protists use the energy from sunlight to produce sugar

A

Photosynthesis

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2
Q

sugar is converted into ATP

A

Cellular Respiration

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3
Q

means light

A

photo

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4
Q

building of complex substances from simpler substance

A

synthesis

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5
Q

raw materials needed by plants to perform photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide & water

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6
Q

green pigment associated with the conversion of unusable sunlight energy into usable chemical energy

A

Chlorophyll

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7
Q

light connecting units that gets excited when there’s sunlight

A

Chlorophyll

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8
Q

responsible for water absorption

A

roots

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9
Q

Plant cell: ________; animal: ___________

A

chloroplast; mitochondrion

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10
Q

the only photosynthetic organisms to have leaves

A

Plants

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11
Q

vascular tissue of plants which transports water and minerals from the roots up the plant stem and into the leaves

A

Xylem

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12
Q

specialized structures that has guard cells that close when it’s too hot to avoid evaporation of water and drying out of a plant; flanked by two guard cells

A

Stomata

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13
Q

drying out of a living organism

A

Dessiccation

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14
Q

drying out of a living organism

A

Dessiccation

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15
Q

evaporation of water vapor in plants

A

Transpiration

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16
Q

plants close their stomata to save water, lack of water from too much exposure to sunlight

A

Photorespiration

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17
Q

the protective waxy layer covering the leaf

A

cuticle

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18
Q

too much water

A

water toxicity

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19
Q

site where photochemical and biochemical reactions in the whole process of photosynthesis to occur

A

Chloroplasts

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20
Q

components of chloroplasts

A
  • reductants
  • ATP produced in the light trapping phase
  • green pigment, chlorophyll, for energy capture
  • soluble enzymes for carbon metabolism
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21
Q

an organelle that performs photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

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22
Q

one photosynthetic cell has how many chloroplasts?

A

30-50 chloroplasts

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23
Q

structures of chloroplasts

A
  • thylakoid
  • grana
  • stroma
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24
Q

the structural unit of photosynthesis, contains light collecting photosystems with chlorophyll

25
Q

stacks of thylakoids, disc-shaped sacs of membrane

26
Q

gel-like material that lies between grana in the chloroplasts

27
Q

any substance that absorbs light; the color comes from the wavelengths of light reflected

28
Q

the green pigment common to all photosynthetic cells

A

Chlorophyll

29
Q

absorbs all wavelengths of visible light except green

A

Chlorophyll

30
Q

events happen if a pigment absorbs light energy

A
  1. Energy is dissipated as heat
  2. The energy may be emitted immediately as a longer wavelength (fluorescence)
  3. Energy may trigger a chemical reaction as in photosynthesis
31
Q

most abundant and most important in photosynthesis; found in all photosynthetic organisms (plants, protists, bacteria)

A

chlorophyll a

32
Q

present in green algae, bryophytes and tracheophytes

A

chlorophyll b

33
Q

present in diatoms and brown algae

A

chlorophyll c

34
Q

present in red algae

A

chlorophyll d

35
Q

one small part of the electromagnetic spectrum

A

visible light

36
Q

composition of chlorophyll

A

porphyrin head & phytol tail

37
Q

absence of color; absorbed all the visible light

38
Q

presence of all the color; reflected all the visible light

39
Q

Phases of Photosynthesis

A
  • Light-Reaction Phase
  • Dark-Reaction Phase
40
Q

first stage of photosynthesis

A

Light-Reaction Phase

41
Q

Where does light reactions occur?

42
Q

The series of photosynthesis wherein water is split into hydrogen and oxygen, and the reaction is rapid and requires direct sunlight and chlorophyll.

A

Light-Reaction Phase

43
Q

the process of converting energy from a light – excited into the pyrophosphate bond of an ADP molecule

A

Photophosphorylation

44
Q

product of Cyclic Photophosphorylation

A

ATP - Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

45
Q

final electron acceptor in Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation

46
Q

also known as Calvin Cycle

A

Dark-Reaction Phase

47
Q

discovered Dark-Reaction Phase

A

Melvin Calvin

48
Q

compounds produced in the light phase

A

ATP and NADPH2

49
Q

Steps in Dark Reaction or Calvin Cycle

A
  1. CO2 Fixation
  2. Production of G3P
  3. Restocking of RuBP
50
Q

How many G3P are used to form glucose?

A

only 2 G3P

51
Q

the enzyme involved in photosynthesis and also the enzyme involved in the uptake of CO2

52
Q

the CO2 is incorporated into a 3 – carbon compound

A

C3 Photosynthetic pathway

53
Q

the photosynthesis takes place throughout the leaf

A

C3 Photosynthetic pathway

54
Q

more efficient than C4 and CAM under cool and moist conditions and under normal light because requires less machinery

A

C3 Photosynthetic pathway

55
Q

the Carbon Dioxide is first incorporated into a 4 – carbon compound

A

C4 Photosynthetic pathway

56
Q

a 3-C chemical that is converted into Oxaloacetic acid, a 4-C

A

Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

57
Q

converted to Malic Acid and the transported from the mesophyll into the bundle sheath

A

OAA - Oxaloacetic acid

58
Q

CO2 is stored in the form of an acid before use in photosynthesis

A

CAM Photosynthetic pathway

NAT101 (10 decks)

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