photosynthesis Flashcards
Photosynthesis
Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
light reactions
the light driven production of ATP
Carbon fixation
the conversion of CO2 to carbohydrates
Chloroplast
An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
structure of chloroplast
outer membrane, inter membrane space, inner membrane, stroma, thykaloid, granum (stack of thykaloid), thylakoid membrane, thylakoid lumen.
How are energy and wavelength related
inversely
What colour of light is usually absorbed by plants
blues and reds
chlorophyll a
absorbs blue-violet and red light and reflects green
Chlorophyll b
extends the absorption spectrum and acts as an accessory pigment that also participates in light absorption
Carotenoids
Accessory pigments that broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.
Photosystem 1 (PS1)
One of two light-capturing units in a chloroplast’s thylakoid membrane or in the membrane of some prokaryotes; it has two molecules of P700 chlorophyll a at its reaction center.
antenna complex
Part of a photosystem, containing an array of chlorophyll molecules and accessory pigments, that receives energy from light and directs the energy to a central reaction center during photosynthesis.
Photosystem 2
(Functions 1st) Reaction Center is P680(red), a light reaction in which ATP and NADPH are formed
Electron transport chain photosynthesis
Electrons move through several transmembrane proteins that are responsible for pumping H+ ions across the membrane creating the chemical gradient across the chloroplast membrane. Energy source is captured light. Part of the light reactions.
noncyclic pathway
Light-dependent photosynthetic pathway that is used to generate ATP and NADPH; because the pathway is noncyclic, the electrons must be replaced by the splitting of water (photolysis).
Photolysis
In the thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast during light-dependent reactions, two molecules of water are split to form oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons.
final photosynthesis electron acceptor
NADPH
noncyclic electron flow
A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves both photosystems and produces ATP, NADPH, and oxygen. The net electron flow is from water to NADP+.
cyclic electron flow
A route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and that produces ATP but not NADPH or oxygen.
electron donor in photosynthesis
H2O
electron donor in cellular respiration
NADH and FADH2
final electron acceptor cell resp
Oxygen
final electron acceptor in photosynthesis
NADP+
photosynthesis produces
NADPH, ATP, O2
Cell Resp products
ATP, H2O
Calvin Cycle
reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars
How many steps are in the Calvin cycle
3 steps. 1.) Carbon fixation 2.) Energy consumption and carbon reduction 3.) RuBP regeneration
Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
stroma of the chloroplast
Where does the electron transport chain occur in photosynthesis
Thylakoid membrane
What part of photosynthesis does not need light?
dark reaction/ Calvin cycle
What part of photosynthesis needs light?
Light reaction/ Electron Transport Chain
