genetics Flashcards
Blending inheritance
The historical perspective on how offspring got their traits where the offspring gets half of each parents phenotype
This is false
self-pollination:
When a plant reproduces by fertilising its own eggs
true-breeding:
Plants that, when self pollinating, maintain the same phenotypic expression
Testcross:
A Cross between a organism of an unknown genotype with a organism with know genotype
Monohybrid:
A cross that changes only one of the traits of the organism
Dihybrid:
A cross resulting in the exchange of two separate alleles
Segregation (Mendel’s Principle of Segregation):
The principal Mendel came up with stating that alleles independently separate during gamete formation and join randomly upon fertilization
Homozygous:
The term to describe when a diploid has two of the same allele variations of the same gene
Heterozygous:
The term to describe when a diploid had two separate allele variations of the same gene
Independent assortment (Mendel’s Principle of Independent Assortment):
It states that the allele of one gene that has no effect of the allele received of a second gene
Incomplete dominance:
Happens when the recessive alleles can be seen to some extent in the phenotype of a heterozygous organism.
Codominance:
When there are no dominant/ recessive genes. Instead the alleles are expressed in equal proportion
multiple alleles:
The idea that there are possibly more than two variations of each allele
Epistasis:
When the presence of one allele masks or inhibits the expression of a different allele.
Polygenic inheritance:
When multiple genes contribute to a specific character. An example is things like human height and mass.