Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is photosynthesis used by?

A

Green plants to make food

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2
Q

What does photo mean?

A

Light

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3
Q

What does synthesis mean?

A

Make

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4
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A

Plant cells inside chloroplasts, plant cells stacked together to form the tissues that build a leaf

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5
Q

What is light energy captured by?

A

A green pigment called chlorophyll

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6
Q

Why do darker leaves have a faster rate of photosynthesis?

A

More chloroplasts = more chlorophyll = darker leaves which capture more light energy

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7
Q

When does photosynthesis take place?

A

When sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll

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8
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

The green pigment inside the chloroplasts of leaf cells

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9
Q

What does the captured light energy do?

A

Splits water, releasing oxygen as a waste product, converts it into chemical energy
Hydrogen from water combines with CO2 to make carbohydrates (sugars and starches)
Chemical energy makes this happen

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10
Q

How are carbohydrates (sugars) made in photosynthesis

A

Hydrogen will combine with CO2 using the first steps

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11
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Sun’s energy
CO2+H2O —-> Sugars + oxygen
Chlorophyll

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12
Q

What does the equation mean?

A

Light energy trapped by chlorophyll
CO2+water are the raw materials for photosynthesis
Sugars + oxygen are produced
Oxygen = waste product, essential for life on Earth

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13
Q

Why do plants grow faster in the summer?

A

Plenty of light and temperatures are higher
Many of photosynthesis reactions are controlled by enzymes which work best in warm temperatures

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14
Q

What happens to some of the sugars made in photosynthesis?

A

Phosphorylase
Sugar molecules ——> Starch molecules

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15
Q

When do the fastest rate of photosynthesis occur?

A

Warm temperatures, high light intensity and high CO2 concentrations

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16
Q

What is it called when any of these factors are in short supply?

A

The limiting factor

17
Q

Why do plants grow best in greenhouses and poly tunnels?

A

Light, temperature and CO2 levels can be controlled
Plants grow better as they produce more sugar in the process of photosynthesis and have more energy for growth