Phosphorus Flashcards
Phosphorus: lab
2.4-4.4mg/dL
Phosphorus is the primary anion of
ICF
phosphorus is ___ most abundant in the body
second most abundant element in the body (after calcium)
most found in bones and teeth
phosphorus is metabolically active and essential to
muscle function
RBC
nervous system
phosphorus is involved in
acid-base buffering system mitochondrial formation of ATP cellular uptake and use of glucose metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fat inversely related to calcium
what maintains serum phosphorus levels and balance
PTH
what is the major route for phosphorus secretion?
kidneys (regulation requires adequate renal functioning)
when PTH levels are too low, the kidneys
reabsorbs additional phosphorus
high serum phosphate levels cause
a low calcium concentration in serum
low serum Ca levels stimulate release of PTH which
dec reabsorption of phosphorus
what is absorption influenced by?
vit D
what is phosphorus needed for?
production of ATP
maintains WBC functioning
phagocytosis
platelet function
hyperphosphatemia: Pts at risk
high serum phosphate acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease(cant excrete phosphate) dec excretion hypoparathyroidism enemas- P containing
hyperphosphatemia: assessment
inc nerve impulse transmission
low Ca S&S
hyperphosphatemia: assessment- mild
asymptomatic
hyperphosphatemia: assessment- severe
low serum Ca levels with high serum phosphate levels
tetany. muscle cramps, paresthesias, seizures
hyperphosphatemia: assessment- inc levels of phosphate readily precipitate with Ca
found in soft tissues: joints, arteries, skin, kidneys, and corneas and produce organ dysfunction- RF
hypophosphatemia: pt at risk
low serum phosphate
hypophosphatemia: pt at risk- dietary changes
malnutrition/malabsorption chronic alcoholism (dec dietary intake, diuresis)
hypophosphatemia: pt at risk- GI abnormalities
vomiting, anorexia
chronic diarrhea
intestinal malabsorption
hypophosphatemia: pt at risk- hormonal influence
hyperparathyroidism
hypophosphatemia: pt at risk- med influence
aluminum containing antacids dec P
diuretics can dec P
hypophosphatemia: assessment- CV
tissue hypoxia
dsrhythmias
hypophosphatemia: assessment risk of infection & musculoskeletal
weakness, fx, rhabdomyolysis (rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle-> myoglobin-> acute RF)
hypophosphatemia: assessment- CNS
CNS depression: AMS (altered mental status); Confusion
seizures with severe dec P
hyperphosphatemia: Nsg Dx
dec CO r/t dysrhythmias ineffective breathing pattern r/t respiratory muscle weakness activity intolerance r/t NM weakness administer phosphate binding meds dietary restriction: dairy products avoid P laxatives and enemas
hyperphosphatemia: Nsg Dx- treat hypocalcemia
providing hydration and instituting measures to correct Ca levels assist with returning phosphorus levels to normal
hypophosphatemia: Nsg Dx
impaired physical mobility dec CO injury infection DC/change med
hypophosphatemia: Nsg Dx: prevent infection
hand washing, mask, WBC
hypophosphatemia: Nsg Dx: P replacement
dairy products
IV Phosphate- assess for hypcalcemia
hypophosphatemia: Nsg Dx: Dec Ca intake
avoid antacids and Ca supplements
hypophosphatemia: Nsg Dx: monitor
respirations- rate and depth
HF
