Magnesium Flashcards
Magnesium: lab
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Magnesium info
produce and use ATP
most in cells
where is Mg stored
bones and cartilage
how is Mg regulated
GI absorbs
renal excretes
why is Mg important in NM functions
blood coagulation
how does Mg influence Ca level?
PTH
Mg is the ___most abundant ICF cation
second
Mg is a coenzyme in the metabolism of ____. and why is it required?
carbohydrate and protein
required: synthesis of nucleic acid and proteins
what does Mg do in terms of ion balance
maintain normal Ca and P balance
What does the kidney do in terms of Mg
conserve Mg in times of need and excrete excesses
Factors that regulate Ca balance similar influences Mg balance. What ions are closely related to P
often mistaken for Ca imbalances
assess Ca, Mg, and K together b/c closely related
Hypermagnesemia- Pt at risk- dec renal excretion
common
inc in Mg intake with RF
Hypermagnesemia- Pt at risk- over use of Mg antacids
maalox mylanta milk of magnesia (MOM) riopan di-gel hayley's M-O (laxative) magnesium citrate (Laxative)
Hypermagnesemia- assessment: excess Mg
dec excitability
Hypermagnesemia- assessment: depressed CNS functions
lethargy
Hypermagnesemia- assessment: cardiac
dec BP b/c vasodilation: (facial flush, warm, dec HR, weak pulse, dec DTR- lost, weak hand grasps, dec respiration, muscle weakness)
Hypermagnesemia- assessment: major route of excretion for magnesium
kidneys
Hypomagnesemia: pt at risk: chronic alcoholism
common
dec dietary intake (fasting, starvation, chronic alcoholism)
inc UOP
Hypomagnesemia: pt at risk: GI fluid loss
interferes with Mg absorption vomiting diarrhea NG suctioning diuretics
Hypomagnesemia: assessment- dec Mg
inc excitability
Hypomagnesemia: assessment- confusion
confusion
Hypomagnesemia: assessment- inc irritability and contractility
muscle twitching tremors, seizures inc DTR numbness, tingling cardiac irritability, dysrhythmias
Hypomagnesemia: assessment- may occur with hypocalcemia S&S
Mg, Ca, K- all cations
hypermagnesemia- Dx
Dec CO related to altered myocardial conduction
ineffective breathing pattern related to respiratory depression
injury related to muscle weakness
injury related to alt LOC
ineffective health maintenance to lack of knowledge of meds
hypomagenesemia- Dx
aspiration r/t difficulty swallowing
injury (sz) r/t inc irritability and contractility
hypermagnesemia- interventions- Mg free IVF
inc UOP
hypermagnesemia- interventions- diuretics- if adequate renal function
dialysis need with RF
hypermagnesemia- interventions- diet and drug restriction
diet and drug restriction
hypermagnesemia- interventions- monitor
VS hypotension shallow respiration dec DTR muscle strength calcium levels
hypomagnesemia- interventions- Mg replacement
diet, meds (PO/IV)
slow-mag (mg and Ca)
hypomagnesemia- interventions- monitor
VS (too rapid admin of Mg can lead to cardiac or respiratory arrest)
hypomagnesemia- interventions- safety measures
assess respiratory muscle functioning
laryngeal stridor
assess swallow, dysphagia
assess for dec Ca S&S
hypomagnesemia- interventions- when severe hypomagnesemia or hypocalcemia is present
give IV Mg
