Phonics Glossary Flashcards
Phonics
The relationships between the sounds of a language and the letters or letter combinations used to represent those sounds
Orthography
The spelling system of a language
Phoneme
Basic sound unit of speech, shown in slashes
Graphemes
Letters written symbols that represent phonemes
Phonological awareness
Awareness of units of speech, such as words, syllables, and phonemes
Phonemic awareness
The understanding that words are made up of individual sounds or phonemes; this is a subcategory of phonological awareness. It includes the ability to distinguish rhyme, Blend sounds, isolate sounds such as the initial and final, segment sound, and manipulate sounds in words
Phoneme segmentation
Splitting a spoken word into its constituent phenoms in the order in which they are heard in the word; this skill is required for a child to invent full phonetic spelling
Phoneme Blending
Taking given phenoms in combining them to make a word, the opposite of segmentation; this is employed when decoding words
Decode
To take a written letters and translate them into sounds or phenoms that make up words; to make meaning while decoding, the words must be recognized by the reader from his or her listening vocabulary
Encode
To translate spoken language into written symbols, the opposite of the decoding; writing particularly invented spelling, is an act of encoding as the writer attempts to write letters that represent the sounds present in the words
Invented spelling
The process of writing a word one doesn’t know how to spell, using one’s knowledge of how sound correspond to letters and letter combinations; also known as developmental, temporary, or phonetic spelling
Phonemic markings or phonemic representation
Representing a word sounds using phonetic symbols between slashes; apostrophe show symbol emphasize
