Phonetic Classification Flashcards
11 features of consonants
1) back
2) high
3) coronal
4) anterior
5) labial
6) continuing
7) lateral
8) nasal
9) Sonorant
10) strident
11) voiced
Anterior consonants
Refers to consonants articulated in the front of the mouth; comprises the labial consonants, dental consonants and alveolar consonants
Coronal consonants
Consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue
Back consonants
Palatal, velar, uvular, pharyngeal and glottal
Continuant consonant
A consonant articulated by constructing (but not closing) the vocal tract
Lateral consonant
A consonant sound produced by raising the tip of the tongue against the roof of the mouth so that the airstream flows past one or both sides of the tongue
Sonorant
A speech sound produced with a continuous, non-turbulent airflow in the vocal tract; have more acoustic energy than other consonants
Sonorants in English
Y, w, l, r, m, n, ng
syllabic
Syllabic segments may function as the nucleus of a syllable, while their counterparts, the [−syll] segments, may not. Except in the case of syllabic consonants, [+syllabic] designates all vowels, while [-syllabic] designates all consonants (including glides).
consonantal
[+/− consonantal] Consonantal segments are produced with an audible constriction in the vocal tract, such as obstruents, nasals, liquids, and trills. Vowels, glides and laryngeal segments are not consonantal.
approximant
Approximant segments include vowels, glides, and liquids while excluding nasals and obstruents.
sonorant
+/− sonorant] This feature describes the type of oral constriction that can occur in the vocal tract. [+son] designates the vowels and sonorant consonants (namely glides, liquids, and nasals), that are produced without an imbalance of air pressure in the vocal tract that might cause turbulence. [−son] describes the obstruents, articulated with a noticeable turbulence caused by an imbalance of air pressure in the vocal tract.
the 4 major class features
syllabic, consonantal, approximant, sonorant
Vowel places of articulation features
Low High Back Tense Advanced tongue root
+ATR vowels
Ones produced by drawing the root of the tongue forward
