Phonation Flashcards
- VOT
voicing has begun before the release of stop closure
we are producing a voiced stop which we perceive as [b,d, or g]
How do we know if [b,d, or g] have -VOT?
if [b, d, or g] fall between two voiced sounds
0 VOT
voicing begins at the release of stop closure
we are producing an unvoiced stop which we may perceive as [b, d, g] or [p, t, k] depending on where in the utterance it occurs
How do we know if [b, d, or g] have 0 VOT?
if [b, d, or g] occur at the beginning of an utterance or phrase (utterance initial position)
How do we know if [p, t, or k] have 0 VOT?
if [p, t, or k] follows an “s”
+ VOT
voicing begins after the release of stop closure
we are producing an unvoiced, aspirated stop which we perceive as [p, t, or k]
voicing begins several milliseconds after the burst, which means that part of the following voiced sound is devoiced
How do we know if [p, t, or k] have + VOT?
when [p, t, or k] are in syllable initial position
+ VOT
0 VOT
- VOT
Conditions for vocal fold vibration (phonation)
- Vocal folds must be properly positioned
- there must be sufficient airflow
2 conditions for proper position
- vocal folds must be adducted (together)
- vocal folds must be sufficiently tense
We use __________ to abduct and adduct the vocal folds
active muscular control
there must be _________ from the lungs to create subglottal pressure to begin open-and-close cycle of phonation
sufficient airflow
subglottal pressure
pressure below the adducted vocal folds
creaky phonation
hyper-adducted
normal phonation
adducted
breathy phonation
partially adducted
glottal frication
partially abducted
quiet breathing
abducted
