Philosophy Y9 Flashcards
What is proof ones premise?
Everything that is in the world moves but nothing moves unless something else starts it moving, this goes back until the very first thing on Earth therehad to be a first Movement that was not moved first. this is God
What is proof 1’s FOR argument?
It aligns with Christian gods qualities
Omnipresent - all present
Omnipotent-all powerful.
As something that was more powerful would have had to move the first thing.
Proof 1’s AGAINST argument
Doesn’t have to be Christian God could be another religion or devil
Proof 1’s Conclusion
I disagree because doesn’t have to be a Christian god -there is no evidence
Proof 2’s Premise
Everything in the world is caused by something and cannot exist prior to its existence therefore it cannot cause itself. Something of a higher power would have had to cause the first thing.. this is God
Proof 2’s FOR
Genesis account suggests God created Earth. God could create earth as he is omnipotent
Proof 2’s AGAINST
Electrons can come into existence by themselves-does not need to be caused
Proof 2’s CONCLUSION
Disagree-no evidence that something needs to be caused , such as electrons
Proof 3’s PREMISE
Everything in the world has a beginning and an end and everything relies on something to exist. Everything relies on higher being that can also bring others into existence.. this would be a necessary being that did not exist fully. this is God
Proof 3’s FOR
God’s treats are omnipresent-all present
And transcendent -beyond the range of a human. These align with the proof and would mean God was necessary being.
Proof 3’s AGAINST
The proof does not explain or proof that the existence of something is necessary or that anything is necessary. He does not explain why God is necessary for humans to survive.
Proof 3’s CONCLUSION
I disagree because argument doesn’t prove anything such as why beings need God to exist or why the existence of something is necessary
Proof 4’s PREMISE
Everything has a certain amount of goodness or perfection. There must be a source from where this goodness came from a must and that must cause the qualities and all these other things.. this source must be 100% perfect. this is God
Proof 4’s FOR
Nothing on earth can be perfect or perfectly good therefore something such as a higher being must hold a higher form of goodness and absolute perfection. this works with God’s characteristics of Omni benevolent
Proof 4’s AGAINST
Goodness could just be a human concept. Everyone views perfection and goodness as something different and if there is one source of goodness where did the evil come from? Did it come from God?.
Proof 4’s CONCLUSION
I disagree because if there was an u,it ate source of perfection then there must be an ultimate source of evil. If this is from God then it goes against his omnibenevolence
Proof 5’s PREMISE
Everything in the water is the purpose that they worked towards. Unintelligent being such as objects and vegetation must be guided to their source.
Proof 5’s FOR
Gods qualities
Omniscient
Omnipotent
Works as he needs to lead unintelligent beings to purpose
Proofs 5’s AGAINST
Evolution could’ve caused unintelligent beings to appear that they have a purpose when in reality they are just surviving
Proof 5’s CONCLUSION
I agree because all beings have a purpose but unintelligent beings would not know their purpose so it makes that a higher being would have to guide them.
Monotheist definition
Someone who believes in one God
Polytheist definition
Someone who believes in many gods
Atheist definition
Someone who doesn’t believe in any gods
Pantheist definition
Someone who believes God is in the universe
Agnostic definition
Someone who is not sure if god exists
What is an argument from silence
Arguing that something is true because it has not been proven false (vice versa)
What is the fallacy of popularity
Arguing that something is right because other people do it
What is false dichotomy
Presenting extreme alternatives and excluding all other options
What is the fallacy of tradition
Arguing that something is right because it has always been done
What is ad hominem
Attacking someone personally, as a way of understanding undermining their arguments or ideas.
What is generalisation
Taking an example of something and applying it generally.
What is post hoc reasoning
Also known as superstitious thinking
Treating one thing as the cause of another just because it proceeded it in time when there is no relationship between the two.
What is the slippery slope argument
When someone argues that something terrible will inevitably follow from an event when in fact it may not
What does monotheist mean
What does Anselm’s argument start with
His definition of God ‘ that than which nothing greater can be thought’
First point in Anselm’s argument
Because we think about this being, God at least exists in our minds
Second point of Anselm’s argument
If it is greater to exist in both the mind and reality, than it is to only exist in mind. If God only existed in the mind he would not be the greatest possible being, this is a contradiction.
Conclusion of Anselm’s argument
God, the greatest possible being, must exist in reality, as well as the mind
Arguments against Anselm’s argument
- Everyone’s perfect God will not be the same- perfection looks different to everybody so how can God be perfect for everyone. It would make more sense to have several gods.
- Is it even possible to believe in such a perfect God- beyond our thinking
- God is arguably better in the mind
- just because you can conceive a perfect God does not mean the God exists or is perfect.
- His definition of God already assumes that God exists.
