Judaism Y8 Flashcards
Who is Abraham(3)
Founder of Judaism
rich man who owned many servants
Around 4000 years ago
Monotheist
What was Ur like?(3)
-really rich city
-polytheist
-made human sacrifices
Why did Abraham leave Ur?(3)
-God told him to leave and said that he would lead Abraham
-Abraham believed in 1 true God(monotheist)
-Abraham disagreed with human sacrifice
What was the covenant?(3)
Promise between God and Abraham
-God Promised that Abraham will be the founder of a new nation that would be great
-God promised That he would have many ancestors that would form a great relationship with God.
Who did Abraham live with in Ur?
His wife Sarah
When Abraham left Ur where did he go?
Hi, and his family went to Haran for 5 years
What happened after five years of living in Haran?
-They left to find the promised land, and arrived in Canaan.
-They still had no son.
Why did Sarah not think she’d be able to carry Abrahams child?(2)
She thought she was too old and suggested Abraham have a child with a Hagar.
Who did Abraham have a child with first?
Hagar one of the servant girls
What was the name of Abraham and Hagars child?
Ishmael
Why was Hagar and Ishmael expelled?
Hagar started to show contempt to Sarah
Where were Hagar and Ishmael expelled to?
The dessert
Why did Abraham try for a 2nd child with Sarah.
He looked into the stars and God told him he would still have a son with Sarah
What was the name of the child of Abraham and Sarah
Isaac
How long after Hagar and Ishmael were expelled did Sarah and Abraham have a child?
A year after
How long ago did Abraham live?
4000 years ago
How did God test Abraham?
God told him to take his son to a mountain and sacrifice him.
What mountain did Abraham sacrifice his son?
Mount Moriah
When going to sacrifice his son what did Abraham take with him?(3)
His son
-2 servants
-wood for a burnt offering
What appeared after God stopped Abraham from killing Isaac?
A ram
How long was the journey to Moriah? 
3 days
What did Abraham say when Isaac asked ‘where is the animal for sacrifice’?
God will provide
What did God renew after the sacrifice of Isaac?
The covenant
Why did God ask Abraham to sacrifice Isaac?
To test his loyalty because he need to know if Abraham was worthy of the covenant
Reasons the sacrifice of Isaac test was not fair
-God is all knowing so surely he would know if Abraham was trustworthy
-Abraham was against human sacrifices and left Ur because of them
A Jewish birth rite
Circumcision
Why do Jews get circumcised?
In the Covent God said every male in the family shall be circumcised, as it is a sign of the covenant. Any make not circumcised will be cut off from his people as he has broken the covenant
How old is a male when they get circumcised?
8 days old
Another name for circumcumsion
Brit Milah
Who is the Mohel?
Jewish doctor who takes the foreskin off the penis
Who is the Sandek
Usually the grandfather or trusted member of the congregation
Who are the Kvatter
Married couple that takes the baby to the circumsion(not parents)
What is circumsion?
Removal of the foreskin of the penis
Is there another reason people are circumcised.
If the foreskin is infected non Jews sometimes have to get it removed
Where is circumsion performed
At home, in a synagogue or in the hospital
What happens at the ceremony ?
Kvatters take baby to the circumcision. The woman takes the baby from his mother and carries him on a cushion to the room where the men are waiting. She hands him over to the husband who carries him to the Mohel. The mohel places the child in the chair of Elijah still on the cushion. Then picks him up and takes him to sandeks lap where the sandek holds the baby whil circumcision takes place.
Who are the Israelites when Moses was born?
They were slaves in Egypt
What was the pharoah afraid the Israelites might do?
Take over his country
What did the pharoah order to happen to the Israelites?
All baby boys to be killed at birth, so they would not grow up and fight him.
What did Moses mother do to save him?
Put him in a basket and floated it on the Nile
Who found Moses in the Nile?
Found by daughter of the pharaoh who brought him home and raised him as her own
What happened with Moses and and Egyptian ?
Moses discovered that Egyptian have beaten an Israelite to death Moses lost the temper and killed the Egyptian.
Where did Moses flee after killing the Egyptian
The desert
What happened whilst in the desert for Moses
God spoke to Moses through a burning bush. God told him to return to Egypt to freed the slaves and take them to the promised land.
Why did the Pharoah not want to let go to slaves
They worked on his Grand buildings for free
What book of the Bible is Moses’s life story recorded in?
Exodus
What was the first plague?
Nile turns to blood
What was the second plague
Frogs
What was the third plague?
Gnats
What was the fourth plague
Flies
What was the fifth plague
Disease if animals
What was the six plague
Boils
What was the seventh plague
Hail
What was the eighth plague
Locusts
What is the ninth plague 
Darkness
What was the tenth plague
Death of the first born
Another name for Passover
Pesach
What does Passover/pesach remember?(4)
Remembers the Israelites freedom from slavery.
-God is good
-death is passed over the houses of the Israelites
-the Israelites passed over the Red Sea when they were escaping
Why do Israelites celebrate pesach/Passover every year?
God ordered the Israelites to have an annual festival to mark the freedom of the Israelites
What can’t you eat during Passover
Chametz
What is chametz
Substance in grain that makes bread and cake rise. R
The rising agent
Why can’t you eat chametz during Passover(2)
For Jews chametz is a symbol of pride, and pride can lead to a person thinking they don’t need God.
Also reminds them how the Israelites left so quickly their bread did not have time to rise.
List 3 things people do before Passover
-Clean out their house
-Get rid of all chametz
-Cleans kitchen appliances as any pesach food can not come in contact with anything that has been used to prepare normal food.
How long after the sink is cleaned is it not touched?
24 hours
Do Jews have special cutlery and saucepans for pesach
Yes
When does the bedikat chametz take place?
The evening of the 14 Nisan
What does the mother of the house usually hide
10 pieces of chametz and the father and boys search for it using a candle and feather. They collect it in a paper bag.
What happens the morning after the 14 Nisan
The family have their last meal of chametz, then the father/husband of the household takes the paper bag with ten pieces of chametz in it and burns it in a bonfire
What is Matzah
Flat bread- symbolises how Israelites left so quickly their bread didn’t have time to rise
What is the 14 Nisan
1st day of the Jewish Calander
What is the Seder
A meal eaten on the 15Nisan
When does Passover start
15 Nisan
What is the Haggadah?
A book that sets out the order of the Seder meal, it’s a holy book written in Hebrew
Why do Jews drink from four cups of wine?
4 cups symbolises the four ways God spoke about freeing the Israelites
What does the first cup of wine remind Jews?
First promise by God-I will bring you out
What does the second cup of wine remind Jews?
Second promise by God- I will free you
What does the third cup of wine remind Jews?
Third promise by God- I will redeem you
What does the fourth cup of wine remind Jews?
Fourth promise by God- I will take you
Why do Jews break the middle Matzah in the Seder meal? what is the process of doing this?
It takes three Matzot and place them one above the other, either in a napkin/ matzah cover or in a special compartment under the Seder plate. Symbolises the three sections of Jewry: Kohain, Levi and Yisroel.
The leader breaks the middle of the three cakes of unleavened bread and hides half of it.
This is hidden after the meal for the children to find
What is the hidden half of the Matzah called?
Afikomen
What is in the Haggadah ?
Various prayers ,blessings ,rituals, Fables ,songs and how the Seder should be performed
What song do people sing after the Seder meal?
Next year in Jerusalem
What does the Matzvah in the Seder signify?
The flatbread symbolised how the Israelites left Egypt so quickly that their bread didn’t have time to rise
What does the roasted egg in the Seder meal signify?
Represents food at temple sacrifices and is a symbol of new life
What does the Salt water in the Seder meal signify?
To show the bitterness of the Israelites lives. Represents tears of the Israelites and the sea that the Egyptians drowned in
What does the Lamb bone in the Seder meal signify?
Remind them of sacrifices made in the ancient temple
What does the Charoset in the Seder meal signify?
Paste made out of pear apple nuts cinnamon and wine. Represents the mud bricks that Israelites slaves had to make/ cement used to build pyramids
What does the parsley in the Seder meal signify?
Represented how God provided fresh food for the Israelites in the wilderness. Dipped in salt water to remember the herbs dipped in blood and smeared on the door posts
What does the Bitter herbs in the Seder meal signify?
May be a vegetable with a bitter root. Symbolises the bitterness of slavery
How long were the Israelites travelling in the desert after they crossed the red Sea
3 months
Which mountain did Moses go up to meet God after he had led the Israelites out of Egypt
Mount Sinai
Did God tell Moses at the top of Mount Sinai?
God Told Moses that he and his people must obey him the people were told to wash themselves and then God will come down onto the Mount.
Why was it necessary for God to make 10 Commandments
To stop disputes and to have order
What was the first commandment
Do not worship any other gods
What is the second commandment
Don’t Make any images of sculptures and worship them
What was the third commandment
Do not misuse Gods name
What was the fourth commandment?
Don’t work on the sabbath or make others work for you
Where in the Bible are the 10 Commandments found
Exodus 20
 What was the fifth commandment?
Children respect your parents
What was the sixth commandment?
Do not murder
What was the seventh commandment?
Do not commit adultery
What was the eighth commandment?
Do not steal
What was the ninth commandment?
Do not lie
What was the tenth commandment?
Don’t be jealous of your neighbours possessions
What is the symbol for Judaism
Star of David
Does the word synagogue mean
Meeting place
Where are all synagogues built facing
They are built facing the Temple of Jerusalem/ the western wall
What is the ark inside of the synagogue?
It is where the handwritten holy scrolls known as the Sefer Torah are kept.
What is the Sefer Torah
Holy book. It is the first five books of the Jewish Bible Genesis,Exodus, Leviticus, deuteronomy and numbers
What is a Yad/pointer
Used to read scrolls
What is the Bimah in the Synagogue
Platform in the centre of the synagogue the scrolls are read from here
What is the pulpit in the synagogue
The rabbi preaches a sermon from here
What is the gallery in the synagogue
The seating upstairs- in an orthodox synagogue for women
What is the Eternal light/NerTamid
A light day is always kept burning to show God is always present it is normally above the Ark
Another name for the eternal light
Ner Tamid
What contains the Torah
Ark
What Is the menorah
Candle with seven candle sticks- symbolises 7 days of creation
What is orthodox
Very strict on religion
What is the Tallit
A prayer shawl traditionally worn by Jewish men during morning prayer services, festivals and on the sabbath.
What is said before putting on the Tallit
A blessing
How many fringes does a Tallit have
613 fringes which represent the 613 commandments in the Torah
When is the sabbath
Every Friday night and Saturday-no electronics allowed and you can not work at these times
What is the kippah
A skull cap that is worn at all times by orthodox Jewish men apart from when they are sleeping or washing
Is there a commandment to wear a tallit, the kippah and the tefillin?
There is a commandment to wear the Tallit and tefilillin but NO commandment for the kippah although it is believed to be a sign of respect
Is there a particular design required for a kippah?
No, it can have anything on it, but most people have the Star of David on it
What is the tefillin?
Tefillin are worn mainly by orthodox Jewish men during morning prayer. It’s two leather boxes which contain words from the shema(prayer).
Where is the tefillin put
One set on the head, one on the weaker arm
How many time does the tefillin strap wrapped around the arm and then where does it finish
7 times finishing off around the middle finger
What does the arm tefillin symbolise?
Represents that Jews should love God with all their heart
Where is the head tefillin placed?
Above the forehead in between the eyes
What the head tefillin symbolise?
Represents that Jews should love God with all their mind
Is a bat mitzvah for a girl or boy?
Girl
Is a bar mitzvah for a girl or boy
Boy
When is a bat mitzvah?
12
When is a bar mitzvah?
13
What is a bar/bat mitzvah
Ceremony marking the passage from childhood to adult hood
Bar mitzvah meaning
Son of the commandment
Bat mitzvah meaning
Daughter of the commandment
What is a traditional gift to give to boys on their bar mitzvah
A yad, Tallit or a prayer book
Definition of marriage
Union of two people via either a civil or religious service entered into freely and within the bounds of a legal contract
Is:
A forced marriage illegal in the UK?
Arranged marriage illegall in the UK?
Yes
No as you ultimately get to decide
What type of marriage do Jews often do?
Arranged marriage
Positive of an arranged marriage
Consent is necessary, parents are in both so they’re family relationships, same religion or culture, do you know each other’s intentions e.g dodgy children getting married,
Negatives of an arranged marriage
Family preferences may be different to your preferences, family may be too involved in personal life, still the element of pressure, may want a more organic process,
What is the Badeken in a Jewish marriage?
The veiling of the Kallah(bride) by the Chatan (groom). When the rabbi asks the Groom if this is the person who he wants to marry . If he says yes he puts a veil on the bride.
Another name for the bride
Kallah
Another name for the groom
Chatan
What is the Chuppah in the marriage
Canopy under which the bride in a group stand during the marriage ceremony
Does the chuppah symbolise?(3)
It’s open welcome everyone into the marriage
God is with them
Represents home they will build together
How many times does the Kallah circle the Chatan and where?
7 times under the chuppah
What is the ring given look like on the wedding
Simple with no gemstones
What does it symbolise in a couple of drinks the wine together
Symbolising the life they will create and share as they share the cup
What is the ketubah
Marriage document which sets out the obligations and duties of the husband. This is followed by seven prayers
What are the seven blessings for and what are they
Traditionally chanted in Hebrew by Rabbi .blessing thank God
What does breaking of the glass symbolise
Destruction of the temple in Jerusalem, reminds Jews there are sometimes sadness as well as joy, symbolises that the couples love cannot be contained in one vessel alone
After the wedding celebration what is cheered
Mazel Tov then they start partying
Is the wedding meal begin with
A blessing over the challah .
Before this the newlyweds spend some time alone in a room
Another name for the wedding feast
Seudat Mitzvah
What is the chair dance called
Hora- A few guests hoisted bride and groom high above the crowd on chairs to Hava Nagila. After the 7 blessings will be read
