Philosophical Perspectives Flashcards
also known as the avocado view
Essentialist
the seed at the center contains allt he essential information
essentialsit
humans are made in the image and likeness of god
judaic and christian traditions
what are examples of essentialist views
-judaic/christian traditions
- greek rationalist tradition
- theocentric tradition
- self in the modern period
Animals may have instincts and intelligence but they are not made in God’s likeness
judaic
Avocado view
we are self conscious
judaic
we have the capacity to love
judaic
we have fleshy outward appearance butwe are of divine nature inside
judaic
reason is at the core of our being
greek rationalist
Our reasoning ability sets us apar
greek rationalist
reason controls emotions and appetites
greek rationalist
we maya ct like animals at times but only because we are not using reason to control our being
greek rationalist
humans alone are capable of living according to reason
greek rationalist
“. . . the soul is in the very likeness of the divine, and immortal, and intellectual, and uniform, and indissoluble, and
unchangeable” (Phaedo
Socrates
“The true self of human beings is the reason or intellect that constitutes their soul and that is separable from their body”
Plato
“The human being is a composite of body and soul and that the soul cannot be separated from the body”
Aristotle
The most important part of a person is the inner person, i.e., the mind
Theocentric Tradition (avocado)
who is the main proponent in theocentric tradition
st augustine of hippo
according to theocentric tradition, the most important part of a person is ___
will not reason
what is given primacy in Self in the Modern Period
REASON
Self in the modern period is a _____
balance between emotionality and rationality
what is the fourth example of an essentialist view
self in the modern period
also known as the artichoke or cabbage view
Protean view
the self is made up of layers
Protean view
it means “something extremely flexible or ever-changing
Protean
he is a shape-shifter in Greek mythology who can change forms depending on the situation
Proteus
The idea says that humans are many layers that function at various times in life
Protean View (artichoke)
This is consistent with the idea that there are no moral
absolutes or a certain truth
Protean View (artichoke)
What are examples of protean view
Oriental Philosophy, African Model, postmodernism
what are examples of oriental philosophy
Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism
At death these disperse and are united with other skandhas
Buddhism (protean)
Believes in reincarnation
Buddhism (protean)
Everything is dependent on everything else
Buddhism (Protean)
Advocates the impermanence of everything
Buddhism (protean)
the idea that there is no permanent, separate,
individual, ego-self is ___
anatman
we are a collection of various elements called ____ temporarily united
skandhas
skandhas are united in ___, ___, ___, ___, ___
form, feeling/sensation, perception, impulse/volition, consciousness
the Buddhist term for the realization that
comes from seeing the world as it actually is
Enlightenment
it means recognizing happiness is in your own hands
enlightenment
it means blowing out the flame (desire) of the false self
Nirvana (Buddhism, protean)
the four noble truths according to Buddhism
- Life is suffering (continual change)
- desire (ego) causes suffering
- ending desire (ego) ends suffering
- Following the NOble Eightfold Path ends desire
Chinese five element view of self
Taoism (protean)
it means way or the path
Tao (taoism, protean)
living in harmony with the Tao
Taoism, protean
people are made of ___ elements
five
___ flows through us rather than blood. This is the energy of the life force
Chi
___ tries to eliminate any obstruction of the ch’i
acupuncture
what are the five elements accdg to Taoism
Wood, Earth, Water, Fire, Metal
it follows the essentialist perspective
Hinduism
a non-western view that suggests there is a core within each of us (avocado)
Hinduism
it is the self or soul that endures successive reincarnation
atman, Hinduism
expression of the divine or ultimate reality
atman, Hinduism
the atman is the carrier of ____
karma
it is the spiritual cause and effects where intent and actions of an individual influence the future of that individual
karma
emphasizes existence, freedom, and choice
Existentialism, protean
humans define their own meaning in life
Existentialism, protean
man is able to make rational decisions despite his existence in an irrational universe
Existentialism, protean
it means the diversity of views in what gives life meaning
plurality
A person is born into a culture or social group that is the source of his/her being
African Model
Community is extremely important
African Model
A person becomes a fully realized person through
a life lived well in support of a community
African Model, protean
the mind and its contents are key for understanding what the self is
Neuroscience Perspective
it is believed to be the key for understanding in Neuroscience Perspective
consciousness
