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USELF > Philosophical Perspectives > Flashcards

Philosophical Perspectives Flashcards

1
Q

also known as the avocado view

A

Essentialist

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2
Q

the seed at the center contains allt he essential information

A

essentialsit

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3
Q

humans are made in the image and likeness of god

A

judaic and christian traditions

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4
Q

what are examples of essentialist views

A

-judaic/christian traditions
- greek rationalist tradition
- theocentric tradition
- self in the modern period

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5
Q

Animals may have instincts and intelligence but they are not made in God’s likeness

A

judaic

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6
Q

Avocado view

we are self conscious

A

judaic

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7
Q

we have the capacity to love

A

judaic

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8
Q

we have fleshy outward appearance butwe are of divine nature inside

A

judaic

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9
Q

reason is at the core of our being

A

greek rationalist

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10
Q

Our reasoning ability sets us apar

A

greek rationalist

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11
Q

reason controls emotions and appetites

A

greek rationalist

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12
Q

we maya ct like animals at times but only because we are not using reason to control our being

A

greek rationalist

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13
Q

humans alone are capable of living according to reason

A

greek rationalist

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14
Q

“. . . the soul is in the very likeness of the divine, and immortal, and intellectual, and uniform, and indissoluble, and
unchangeable” (Phaedo

A

Socrates

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15
Q

“The true self of human beings is the reason or intellect that constitutes their soul and that is separable from their body”

A

Plato

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16
Q

“The human being is a composite of body and soul and that the soul cannot be separated from the body”

A

Aristotle

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17
Q

The most important part of a person is the inner person, i.e., the mind

A

Theocentric Tradition (avocado)

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18
Q

who is the main proponent in theocentric tradition

A

st augustine of hippo

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19
Q

according to theocentric tradition, the most important part of a person is ___

A

will not reason

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20
Q

what is given primacy in Self in the Modern Period

A

REASON

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21
Q

Self in the modern period is a _____

A

balance between emotionality and rationality

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22
Q

what is the fourth example of an essentialist view

A

self in the modern period

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23
Q

also known as the artichoke or cabbage view

A

Protean view

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24
Q

the self is made up of layers

A

Protean view

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25
Q

it means “something extremely flexible or ever-changing

A

Protean

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26
Q

he is a shape-shifter in Greek mythology who can change forms depending on the situation

A

Proteus

27
Q

The idea says that humans are many layers that function at various times in life

A

Protean View (artichoke)

28
Q

This is consistent with the idea that there are no moral
absolutes or a certain truth

A

Protean View (artichoke)

29
Q

What are examples of protean view

A

Oriental Philosophy, African Model, postmodernism

30
Q

what are examples of oriental philosophy

A

Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism

31
Q

At death these disperse and are united with other skandhas

A

Buddhism (protean)

32
Q

Believes in reincarnation

A

Buddhism (protean)

33
Q

Everything is dependent on everything else

A

Buddhism (Protean)

34
Q

Advocates the impermanence of everything

A

Buddhism (protean)

35
Q

the idea that there is no permanent, separate,
individual, ego-self is ___

A

anatman

36
Q

we are a collection of various elements called ____ temporarily united

A

skandhas

37
Q

skandhas are united in ___, ___, ___, ___, ___

A

form, feeling/sensation, perception, impulse/volition, consciousness

38
Q

the Buddhist term for the realization that
comes from seeing the world as it actually is

A

Enlightenment

39
Q

it means recognizing happiness is in your own hands

A

enlightenment

40
Q

it means blowing out the flame (desire) of the false self

A

Nirvana (Buddhism, protean)

41
Q

the four noble truths according to Buddhism

A
  • Life is suffering (continual change)
  • desire (ego) causes suffering
  • ending desire (ego) ends suffering
  • Following the NOble Eightfold Path ends desire
42
Q

Chinese five element view of self

A

Taoism (protean)

43
Q

it means way or the path

A

Tao (taoism, protean)

44
Q

living in harmony with the Tao

A

Taoism, protean

45
Q

people are made of ___ elements

A

five

46
Q

___ flows through us rather than blood. This is the energy of the life force

A

Chi

47
Q

___ tries to eliminate any obstruction of the ch’i

A

acupuncture

48
Q

what are the five elements accdg to Taoism

A

Wood, Earth, Water, Fire, Metal

49
Q

it follows the essentialist perspective

A

Hinduism

50
Q

a non-western view that suggests there is a core within each of us (avocado)

A

Hinduism

51
Q

it is the self or soul that endures successive reincarnation

A

atman, Hinduism

52
Q

expression of the divine or ultimate reality

A

atman, Hinduism

53
Q

the atman is the carrier of ____

A

karma

54
Q

it is the spiritual cause and effects where intent and actions of an individual influence the future of that individual

A

karma

55
Q

emphasizes existence, freedom, and choice

A

Existentialism, protean

56
Q

humans define their own meaning in life

A

Existentialism, protean

57
Q

man is able to make rational decisions despite his existence in an irrational universe

A

Existentialism, protean

58
Q

it means the diversity of views in what gives life meaning

A

plurality

59
Q

A person is born into a culture or social group that is the source of his/her being

A

African Model

60
Q

Community is extremely important

A

African Model

61
Q

A person becomes a fully realized person through
a life lived well in support of a community

A

African Model, protean

62
Q

the mind and its contents are key for understanding what the self is

A

Neuroscience Perspective

63
Q

it is believed to be the key for understanding in Neuroscience Perspective

A

consciousness

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