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Understanding the Self > Philosophical Perspective of the Self > Flashcards

Philosophical Perspective of the Self Flashcards

1
Q

Quote by Anaxagoras

A

The greatest ignorance is the ignorance of oneself.

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2
Q

What is the nature of human existence?

A

to seek answer as we are higher being than others.

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3
Q

Define Philosophy

A

Mother of all disciplines simply because of all fields of study began as philosophical discourses

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4
Q

Etymological definition of Philosophy

A

Love of Wisdom

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5
Q

Philos means

A

Love

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6
Q

Sophia means

A

Wisdom

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7
Q

Socrates said?

A

“Know thyself.”

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8
Q

Socrates Perspective?

A

A person can only have a meaning and happy life only if he becomes virtuous and knows the value of himself. Self is synonymous with the soul (essence of self).

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9
Q

What is Introspection?

A

A Socratic method that carefully examines one’s thoughts and emotions to gain self knowledge.

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10
Q

Socrates suggested that reality consist of 2 Dichotomous realms:

A
  1. Physical Realm

2. Ideal Realm

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11
Q

“An unexamined life is not worth living.”

A

Socrates

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12
Q

“The self is an immortal soul.”

A

Plato

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13
Q

Who is Plato?

A

Socrates’ prized student

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14
Q

3 part of soul/self according to Plato

A
  1. Reason
  2. Physical Appetite
  3. Spirit/Passion
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15
Q

Theory of Forms (Plato)

A

Concept of two worlds:

  1. World of Forms (Non- physical ideas; real and permanent)
  2. World of Sense (Reality; temporary, replica of ideal world)
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16
Q

“THE SOUL COULD EXIST INDEPENDENT OF THE BODY
BECAUSE IT ACTED INDEPENDENTLY WHEN
ENGAGED IN PURE THOUGHT”

A

Plato

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17
Q

Empericism

A

Justifiable or knowable only through experience. Greek: Empeiria

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18
Q

Rationalism

A

Concepts and knowledge are gained independently of sense experience

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19
Q

Dualism

A

Theory that the mental and physical- or mind and body or mind and brain- are, in some sense, radically different kind of thing

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20
Q

“Good is above god.”

A

Plato

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21
Q

Plato’s Cave

A

There’s more than knowledge that what we can see and hear (empirical evidence).

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22
Q

“The soul is the essence of self.”

A

Aristotle

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23
Q

Man as “rational animal.”

A

Aristotle

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24
Q

Anything with life has a soul.

A

Aristotle

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25
Q

3 Kinds of Soul

A

Vegetative, Sentient, Rational

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26
Q

“What is good for one man may not be good for another.”

A

Aristotle

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27
Q

Rational nature of the self according to Aristotle

A

To lead a good, flourishing and fulfilling life. The pursuit of happiness is search for good life that includes virtuous actions.

28
Q

“I think, therefore I am.” (Cogito ergo sum)

A

Rene Descartes

29
Q

Rene Descartes

A

Father of Modern Philosophy

30
Q

2 Dimensions of Human Self according to Descartes

A
  1. Thinking Self (Soul)

2. Physical Body

31
Q

No rational person will doubt his or her own existence.

A

Rene Descartes

32
Q

The self is consciousness

A

John Locke

33
Q

The self is constructed primarily from sense experience

A

John Locke

34
Q

Keys to understanding the self by Locke

A

Conscious awareness, memory of previous experiences

35
Q

The human mind at birth is “TABULA RASA”

Blank Slate

A

John Locke

36
Q

what makes the IDENTITY of a person SIMILAR in DIFFERENT CIRCUMSTANCES.

A

Consciousness

37
Q

Enables one to understand and achieve accurate conclusions

A

Reason and Introspection

38
Q

A rationalist philosopher

A

Aristotle

39
Q

An empiricist philosopher

A

John Locke

40
Q

Mind is the seat of our consciousness all that we really are comes from the mind

A

Rene Descartes

41
Q

The body is nothing but a part attached to the mind, while the mind is part of the unseen creation

A

Rene Descartes’ Concept of Dualism

42
Q

Knowledge is innate in us.

A

Rene Descartes

43
Q

“We construct the self.”

A

Immanuel Kant

44
Q

Another rationalist philosopher that believes, “The self construct its own reality, actively creating a world that is familiar and predictable.”

A

Immanuel Kant

45
Q

To see is to believe!”

A

Immanuel Kant

46
Q

Our perspective or consciousness influences the way we see things.

A

TRANSCENDENTAL DEDUCTION OF

CATEGORIES

47
Q

“There is no self.”

A

David Hume

48
Q

An empiricist philosopher known for his lack of self theory

A

David Hume

49
Q

everything that originates from our senses

A

Impression

50
Q

faint images of thinking and reasoning based on impression

A

Ideas

51
Q

Assertion that the property we can sense are only real parts of an object

A

Bundle Theory

52
Q

“The idea of personal identity is a result of imagination.”

A

David Hume

53
Q

“If there is no God, it is
important for man to invent
Him”

A

David Hume

54
Q

“Man is inherently good at birth.”

A

Jean Jacques Rousseau

55
Q

An evil society is the
culprit for man’s evil
deeds

A

Jean Jacques Rousseau

56
Q

Man is not born evil at birth

A

Thomas Hobbes

57
Q

Formal education is primordial to
every man in order to build good
character towards the attainment of
moral attitude and uprightness

A

Thomas Hobbes

58
Q

Man is condemned to freedom.

A

Jean Paul Sartre

59
Q

An atheist philosopher and existentialist.

A

Jean Paul Sartre

60
Q

the self is a product of the freedom one

makes and the consequence of this exercise

A

Jean Paul Sartre

61
Q

“I am doubting, therefore I am.”

A

St. Augustine

62
Q

Fundamental concept of
human person in mission is to
discover the truth on the
existence of God

A

St. Augustine

63
Q

The physical body is different from and

inferior to its immortal soul.

A

St. Augustine

64
Q

He believes that the soul is what

governs and defines man.

A

St. Augustine

65
Q

“Love of self should be above all human values.”

A

Ayn Rand

66
Q

Act of selfishness is a moral act.

A

Ayn Rand

67
Q

Strongly protested the negation of

self. The SELF above others should be a moral law.

A

Ayn Rand

Understanding the Self (8 decks)

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