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Philosophical Perspective of the Self Flashcards

1
Q

Quote by Anaxagoras

A

The greatest ignorance is the ignorance of oneself.

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2
Q

What is the nature of human existence?

A

to seek answer as we are higher being than others.

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3
Q

Define Philosophy

A

Mother of all disciplines simply because of all fields of study began as philosophical discourses

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4
Q

Etymological definition of Philosophy

A

Love of Wisdom

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5
Q

Philos means

A

Love

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6
Q

Sophia means

A

Wisdom

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7
Q

Socrates said?

A

“Know thyself.”

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8
Q

Socrates Perspective?

A

A person can only have a meaning and happy life only if he becomes virtuous and knows the value of himself. Self is synonymous with the soul (essence of self).

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9
Q

What is Introspection?

A

A Socratic method that carefully examines one’s thoughts and emotions to gain self knowledge.

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10
Q

Socrates suggested that reality consist of 2 Dichotomous realms:

A
  1. Physical Realm

2. Ideal Realm

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11
Q

“An unexamined life is not worth living.”

A

Socrates

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12
Q

“The self is an immortal soul.”

A

Plato

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13
Q

Who is Plato?

A

Socrates’ prized student

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14
Q

3 part of soul/self according to Plato

A
  1. Reason
  2. Physical Appetite
  3. Spirit/Passion
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15
Q

Theory of Forms (Plato)

A

Concept of two worlds:

  1. World of Forms (Non- physical ideas; real and permanent)
  2. World of Sense (Reality; temporary, replica of ideal world)
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16
Q

“THE SOUL COULD EXIST INDEPENDENT OF THE BODY
BECAUSE IT ACTED INDEPENDENTLY WHEN
ENGAGED IN PURE THOUGHT”

A

Plato

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17
Q

Empericism

A

Justifiable or knowable only through experience. Greek: Empeiria

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18
Q

Rationalism

A

Concepts and knowledge are gained independently of sense experience

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19
Q

Dualism

A

Theory that the mental and physical- or mind and body or mind and brain- are, in some sense, radically different kind of thing

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20
Q

“Good is above god.”

A

Plato

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21
Q

Plato’s Cave

A

There’s more than knowledge that what we can see and hear (empirical evidence).

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22
Q

“The soul is the essence of self.”

A

Aristotle

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23
Q

Man as “rational animal.”

A

Aristotle

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24
Q

Anything with life has a soul.

A

Aristotle

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25
3 Kinds of Soul
Vegetative, Sentient, Rational
26
"What is good for one man may not be good for another."
Aristotle
27
Rational nature of the self according to Aristotle
To lead a good, flourishing and fulfilling life. The pursuit of happiness is search for good life that includes virtuous actions.
28
"I think, therefore I am." (Cogito ergo sum)
Rene Descartes
29
Rene Descartes
Father of Modern Philosophy
30
2 Dimensions of Human Self according to Descartes
1. Thinking Self (Soul) | 2. Physical Body
31
No rational person will doubt his or her own existence.
Rene Descartes
32
The self is consciousness
John Locke
33
The self is constructed primarily from sense experience
John Locke
34
Keys to understanding the self by Locke
Conscious awareness, memory of previous experiences
35
The human mind at birth is “TABULA RASA” | Blank Slate
John Locke
36
what makes the IDENTITY of a person SIMILAR in DIFFERENT CIRCUMSTANCES.
Consciousness
37
Enables one to understand and achieve accurate conclusions
Reason and Introspection
38
A rationalist philosopher
Aristotle
39
An empiricist philosopher
John Locke
40
Mind is the seat of our consciousness all that we really are comes from the mind
Rene Descartes
41
The body is nothing but a part attached to the mind, while the mind is part of the unseen creation
Rene Descartes' Concept of Dualism
42
Knowledge is innate in us.
Rene Descartes
43
"We construct the self."
Immanuel Kant
44
Another rationalist philosopher that believes, "The self construct its own reality, actively creating a world that is familiar and predictable."
Immanuel Kant
45
To see is to believe!"
Immanuel Kant
46
Our perspective or consciousness influences the way we see things.
TRANSCENDENTAL DEDUCTION OF | CATEGORIES
47
"There is no self."
David Hume
48
An empiricist philosopher known for his lack of self theory
David Hume
49
everything that originates from our senses
Impression
50
faint images of thinking and reasoning based on impression
Ideas
51
Assertion that the property we can sense are only real parts of an object
Bundle Theory
52
"The idea of personal identity is a result of imagination."
David Hume
53
“If there is no God, it is important for man to invent Him”
David Hume
54
"Man is inherently good at birth."
Jean Jacques Rousseau
55
An evil society is the culprit for man’s evil deeds
Jean Jacques Rousseau
56
Man is not born evil at birth
Thomas Hobbes
57
Formal education is primordial to every man in order to build good character towards the attainment of moral attitude and uprightness
Thomas Hobbes
58
Man is condemned to freedom.
Jean Paul Sartre
59
An atheist philosopher and existentialist.
Jean Paul Sartre
60
the self is a product of the freedom one | makes and the consequence of this exercise
Jean Paul Sartre
61
"I am doubting, therefore I am."
St. Augustine
62
Fundamental concept of human person in mission is to discover the truth on the existence of God
St. Augustine
63
The physical body is different from and | inferior to its immortal soul.
St. Augustine
64
He believes that the soul is what | governs and defines man.
St. Augustine
65
"Love of self should be above all human values."
Ayn Rand
66
Act of selfishness is a moral act.
Ayn Rand
67
Strongly protested the negation of | self. The SELF above others should be a moral law.
Ayn Rand

Understanding the Self (8 decks)

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