Philosophers Flashcards
What are the assumptions that philosophers make?
The Universe is put together in orderly way and subject to absolute and unchanging laws, and people can understand these laws through logic and reason-rational thought
What was a Sophist? What were their three…policies?
A specific kind of philosopher.
-there are no standards for truth and justice
-success is more important than moral truths
– Students were encouraged to develop skills in rhetoric
What were philosophers engaged in?
Moral dilemmas and searching for truth, (lovers of wisdom)
Who was Socrates?
A philosopher (called a gadfly bc he wouldn’t leave people alone and asked public questions (without proposing answers) trying to remove their comfort zones
What law did Socrates break to desire being put to death by his fellow Athenians?
Corrupted the youth
Why didn’t Socrates try to escape?
He would have to admit that Athens was wrong
What was the difference in attitudes about Socrates death between his wife and disciples vs him and his two best students? Who were they?
Plato and Crito, who (along w Socrates) displayed unyielding commitments to ideals even in the face of death verses his wife and other disciples, who yielded to the weakness of their emotions
What is the philosophy pyramid and where did Plato stand?
Philosopher king (Plato) ➡️ other philosophers to educate ➡️ soldiers to defend ➡️ workers to defend
Who was Aristotle’s teacher? Who was his student?
Plato, Alexander the Great
What separates Plato and Aristotle from Americans?
Love of democracy (they were anti)
Philosophers
Thinkers who investigate nature of universe, human society and morality
What Did Aristotle establish?
The Lyceum
What is the Golden Mean?
A policy of Aristotle’s to find the middle ground in traits
What was the Golden Mean?
A policy of Aristotle’s about positivity-finding the middle ground in traits
What did Aristotle establish?
The Lyceum
