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Term 3: Head and Neck > Pharynx & Nose > Flashcards

Pharynx & Nose Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Choana?

A

-the opening to the nasopharynx from the nasal cavity

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2
Q

What is the significance of the pharyngeal recess?

A
  • posterior to the opening to the eustachian tube

- most common site of a pharyngeal fistula

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3
Q

What separates the superior constrictor from the inferior constrictor?

A

-Stylopharyngeus muscle

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4
Q

All muscles of the pharynx are innervated by ________, except for__________.

A
  • CN X

- Stylopharyngeus muscle

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5
Q

What innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle?

A

-CN IX (only motor branch)

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6
Q

What muscles open the eustachian tube?

A
  • Tensor Palati

- Levator Palati

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7
Q

What innervates Tensor Palati?

A

-V3

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8
Q

What innervates Levator Palati?

A

CN X

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9
Q

What is the Ring of Waldeyer and what is its significance?

A

-Straight line of tonsils: pharyngeal, tubal, palatine, and lingual

  • If all inflame at ones can cause respiratory problems
  • might be a cause for SIDS
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10
Q

What are the boundaries of the Nasopharynx?

A

-Choana to tip of uvula

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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the Oropharynx?

A

-inferior edge of uvula to top of epiglottis

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12
Q

What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?

A

-Top of epiglottis to bottom of cricoid cartilage

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13
Q

Where does the esophagus begin?

A

-The bottom of the cricoid cartilage

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14
Q

What structure surrounds the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube?

A

Torus Tubarius

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15
Q

What muscle is located under the opening to the eustachian tube?

A

-Levator Palatini

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16
Q

What muscles elevate the soft palate to shut off the nasopharynx?

A
  • Tensor Palatini

- Levator Palatini

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17
Q

What nerve carries sensory information from the nasopharynx?

A

CN IX

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18
Q

What nerve carries sensory information from the uvula?

A

CN IX

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19
Q

What nerve carries sensory information from the oropharynx?

A

CN IX

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20
Q

What nerve carries sensory information from the Laryngopharynx?

A

CN X

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21
Q

All muscles ending in -glossus are innervated by _______ except for __________.

A
  • CN XII

- Palatoglossus.

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22
Q

All muscles of the palate are innervated by ______ except for _______.

A

-Tensor Palati

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23
Q

What is palatoglossus innervated by?

A

-CN X

24
Q

What is Tensor Palati Innervated by?

A

V3

25
Q

All muscles in the head beginning with Tensor are innervated by _______.

A

V3

26
Q

All muscles of the larynx are innervated by ______ except for the ___________.

A
  • Recurrent Laryngeal (X)

- Cricothyroid

27
Q

What innervates the cricothyroid?

A

external branch of the Superior laryngeal (X)

28
Q

Where are the palatine tonsil, palatopharyngeal arch, and palatoglossal arch found in relation to each other?

A

Anterior: Palatoglossal arch

Middle: palatine tonsil

Posterior: Palatopharyngeal arch

29
Q

What is the boundary between the pharynx and oral cavity?

A

-Palatoglossal fold

30
Q

What loosely anchors the mucosa of the pharynx to the constrictors?

A

-Pharyngobasilar fascia

31
Q

What does the superior constrictor attach to?

A

-Pterygo-mandibular raphe

32
Q

What does the Middle Constrictor attach to?

A

-Hyoid

33
Q

What does the Inferior Constrictor attach to?

A

-Thyroid and Cricoid Cartilages

34
Q

At what vertebral level is the stellate ganglion located?

A

-C7

35
Q

At what vertebral level is the Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion located?

A

-C2-3

36
Q

At what vertebral level is the middle cervical sympathetic ganglion located?

A

C6

37
Q

Where does air flow in the nose during normal inspiration?

A

-past the inferior concha

38
Q

Where does air flow in the nose during a sniff?

A

-past the superior concha

39
Q

What is a turbinate?

A

-a concha with mucosa

40
Q

What is a nasal meatus?

A

-the space between a concha and the lateral wall of the nose

41
Q

What is the function of the nasal sinuses?

A
  • Lighten skull
  • Add resonance

**protect the brain from temperature of inspired air

42
Q

What nerve carries sensory information from the mucosal surface of the anterior (cartilaginous) portion of the nose?

A

-Nasociliary branch of V1

43
Q

What nerve carries sensory information from the mucosal surface of the middle portion of the nose?

A

Nasopalatine branches of V2

44
Q

What nerve innervates the pharyngotympanic tube and middle ear cavity (sensory)?

A

CN IX

45
Q

Where do the foramen rotundum and pterygoid canals of the sphenoid bone open?

A

-pterygopalatine fossa

46
Q

What passes through the pterygoid canal of the sphenoid bone?

A

-Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers from Vidian’s nerve (Greater plus deep petrosal n.)

47
Q

Which artery gives off the ethmoidals?

A

Nasociliary branch of the opthalmic artery

48
Q

What is the site of anastamoses of nasal arteries, often the site of cauderization in chronic epistaxis?

A

-Kiesselbach’s Area

49
Q

Which lymph nodes does the tip of the tongue and front lower teeth drain to?

A

Submental nodes

50
Q

Which lymph nodes does the body of the tongue, upper teeth, and lower side teeth drain to?

A

-Submandibular nodes

51
Q

Which lymph nodes does the posterior tongue drain to?

A

-Jugulo-digastric nodes

and

-Lingual/palatine tonsils

52
Q

Which lymph nodes does the middle ear cavity drain to?

A

Tubal Tonsil

53
Q

Which lymph nodes does the Nasal cavity/pharynx drain to?

A

-tonsils then to cervical nodes

54
Q

Which lymph nodes does the Larynx and Thyroid gland drain to?

A

-pre and paratracheal nodes

55
Q

What is the sentinal node for the head?

A

-Jugulo-digastric node

56
Q

What is the sentinel node for the Neck?

A

-Jugulo-omohyoid node

57
Q

Where does lymph drain from the tonsils?

A

-Deep cervical nodes then jugulodigastric

Term 3: Head and Neck (12 decks)

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