pharynx

Question 1

to what vertebral level does the pharynx reach below

Answer 1

CVI

Question 2

what are the 3 regions of the pharynx

Answer 2

• nasopharynx
• oropharynx
• laryngopharynx

Question 3

what apertures open into the nasopharynx

Answer 3

choanae

Question 4

what aperture opens into the oropharynx

Answer 4

oropharyngeal isthmus

Question 5

what aperture opens into the laryngopharynx

Answer 5

laryngeal inlet

Question 6

the pharyngotympanic tubes open into the lateral wall of the ….

Answer 6

nasopharynx

Question 7

the pharynx is separated from the posteriolry positioned vertebral column by a thin … space containing loose connective tissue

Answer 7

retropharyngeal

Question 8

the soft palate can elevate to close the …. …. and seal off the … from the …

Answer 8

pharyngeal isthmus, nasopharynx, oropharynx

Question 9

the soft palate can depress to close the … … and seal off the …. … from the ….

Answer 9

oropharyngeal isthmus, oral cavity, oropharynx

Question 10

which 2 types of muscles does the pharynx contain

Answer 10

• constrictor muscles (circular)

- longitudinal muscles (vertically)

Question 11

what are the 3 constrictor muscles of the pharyngeal wall

Answer 11

• superior
• middle
• inferior

Question 12

posteriorly, the constrictor muscles are joined together by the … …

Answer 12

pharyngeal raphe

Question 13

all of the constrictors are innervated by the … branch of the …. nerve [?]

Answer 13

pharyngeal, vagus [X]

Question 14

anterior attachment of superior constrictor

Answer 14

• pterygomandibular raphe

- adjacent bone on mandible and pterygoid hamulus

Question 15

anterior attachment of middle contrictor

Answer 15

• upper margin of greater horn of hyoid bone
• adjacent margins of lesser horn
• stylohyoid ligament

Question 16

anterior attachment of inferior constrictor

Answer 16

• cricoid cartilage
• oblique line of thyroid cartilage
• a ligament that spans between these attachments and crosses the cricothyroid muscle

Question 17

what are the three longitudinal muscles of the pharyngeal wall

Answer 17

• stylopharyngeus
• salpingopharyngeus
• palatopharyngeus

Question 18

origin of stylopharyngeus

Answer 18

medial side of base of styloid process

Question 19

origin of salpingopharyngeus

Answer 19

inferior aspect of pharyngeal end of paryngotympanic tube

Question 20

palatopharyngeus

Answer 20

upper surface of palatine aponeurosis

Question 21

insertion of all longitudinal muscles

Answer 21

pharyngeal wall

Question 22

innervation of stylopharyngeus

Answer 22

glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]

Question 23

innervation of salpingopharyngeus

Answer 23

vagus nerve [X]

Question 24

innervation of palatopharyngeus

Answer 24

vagus nerve [X]

Question 25

what function, other than the elevation of the pharynx, does the palatopharyngeus have

Answer 25

closer of the oropharyngeal isthmus