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PharmII_Final Flashcards

1
Q

What are the effects of endogenous histamine?

A

Decrease BP

Increase HTN

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2
Q

Which antihisamine generation have more sedating effects?

A

H1 antagonists 1st generation

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3
Q

Which antihistamine in the 2nd generation has the most sedating effects?

A

Zyrtec

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4
Q

Which receptor/mechanism does allergic rhinitis act on?

A

H1

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5
Q

What is the most rapid onset of the 5-HT1B agonist?

A

Rizatriptan

A newer drug and most effective for migraines

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6
Q

Which is a prophylactic drug for migraine headaches?

A

Beta blockers. Propranolol is effective in reducing frequency and intensity of headaches in 2/3 of patients.

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7
Q

What is the first option to treat acute(episodic) tension headaches?

A 
OTC NSAIDs:
ibuprofen
aspirin
Naproxen
acetaminophen(remem this is not an NSAID)
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8
Q

Which drug potentiates GABA and has affinity for BZ1 and BZ2 receptors

A

Alprazolam.

I think any benzodiazepine would work.

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9
Q

Which non-benzodiazepine acts at the BZ1 receptor, given for insomnia?

A

Ambien and Sonata

Lunesta is nonselective

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10
Q

Which drug is given to treat only absence seizures?

A

Ethosuximide

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11
Q

Which drug is given for simple partial and myotonic seizures?

A

Valproate

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12
Q

Which is the drug of choice for partial seizures

A

Phenytoin

Carbamazepine

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13
Q

What is the action of Sinemet inhibit?

A

Peripheral decarboxylase reducing available L-Dopa

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14
Q

MAO-B?

A

Selegiline

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15
Q

Which drug cannot be used to treat Chorea?

A

Selegiline

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16
Q

Which drug is CI for Parkinsons?

A

Haloperidol

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17
Q

Name a high potent conventional antipsychotic?

A

Haloperidol

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18
Q

name a low potency antipsychotic?

A

Chlorpromazine

Thioridazine

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19
Q

What can’t you use PPI in?

A

Non-ulcer dyspepsia

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20
Q

How long to wait to take PPI

A

One hour before a meal so it can get to canaliculus

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21
Q

Which drug act on mucosal recpetors to drecease acid secretions?

A

Misoprostol

It is a prostaglandin analog

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22
Q

What does misoprostol do to prego chicks?

A

It causes uterine contractions

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23
Q

Which drug has mixed receptor actions (both agonist and antagonist)?

A

Nubain

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24
Q

Which drug is used for treatment of opioid abuse?

A

BUprenex

Naloxone, Nalmefene, Naltrexone(longest actin)

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25
Q

Which is not an effect of an opioid on CNS?

A

Anti-inflammation

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26
Q

Which drug irreversibly binds to COX1?

A

Aspirin

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27
Q

Which drug is given for the prophylactic trt of coronary artery disease that also blocks platelet aggregation?

A

Aspirin

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28
Q

Which drug will cause Fatal Hepatic necrosis and acute renal failure?

A

Acetaminophen

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29
Q

What do you give a patient if they overdose on Acetaminophen?

A

N-acetylcysteine

  • gastric lavage
  • replenish glutathione
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30
Q

Which drugs were withdrawn due to its prothrombin effects?

A

Vioxx

Bextra

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31
Q

Which NSAID is a high potency propionic acid derivative?

A

Ketoprofen

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32
Q

Which drug increases the elimination of uric acid?

A

Probenecid/

Also Anturane

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33
Q

What condition can’t you use SSRI for?

34
Q

Which drug is precribed to help patients stop smoking?

35
Q

Which drug is used to treat acute mania?

36
Q

If you can’t use lithium to treat mania, what is another option?

37
Q

Which drug is a NRI?

A

Atomoxetine

Approved for ADHD

38
Q

Which drug causes death at high doses?

A

Secobarbital

39
Q

Which drug is gien IV for maintenance of general anesthesia along with Bupivicaine?

A

Fentanyl.

It is 100X more potent than morpine

40
Q

Which drug is given for post-op pain after dental work has been done?

41
Q

Name an opioid with hihgh oral bioavailability?

42
Q

Midazolam

A

Short acting BDZ.

Used for anesthesia

43
Q

Which anxiolytic takes about 1 week to take effect?

44
Q

T/F?
Phenytoin is not dependent on both
boltage and use dependent?

A

False!

It is dependent!!!

45
Q

T/F?

Valproate can displace phenytoin from plasma proteins thus increasing its concentration?

A

True story

46
Q

Which anti-epileptic causes irreversible visual impairment?

A

Vigabatrin

47
Q

What is the name of the pre-cursor that precedes transport across the BBB?

48
Q

Which Parkinsons drug does not cross the BB?

49
Q

Which medication is best used along with domperidone to treat the off phase in Parkinsons?

A

Apomorphine

50
Q

Which drug is contraindicated with patients with cardio problems?

A

Thioridazine
Ziprasidone
Citalopram

51
Q

If a patient Overdoses on Haloperidol, what do you give them?

A

Dantrolene and Bromocriptine

52
Q

What is the first line agent for many psychoses?

A

Risperidone

53
Q

What antidepressant also treats neuropathic pain

A

Amitriptyline(Nortriptyline)
-Methadone
Gabapentin
Opiods won’t do jack

54
Q

Are opioids good for neuropathic pain or nociceptive pain?

A

Nociceptive pain!!!

55
Q

MOA of nortriptyline?

A

Post synaptic membrane suppression

56
Q

Prozac + Olanzapine =

A

Symbyax

Treats bipolar

57
Q

What acts as a Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) and aids in more potent NE transport

A

Duloxetine

58
Q

If giving a patient hydrocodone and increase more of it and give more doses and stilll nothing happens, what do you give?

A

Hydromorphone

U give a stronger agonist

59
Q

What are the four things u never get tolerant to for opioids?

A

Bradycardia (moderate tolerance)

miosis (diagnostic)
Constipation
Convulsant

60
Q

What is the most likely event of barbiturate overdose?

A

Respiratory failure

61
Q

What can antagonize the effects of opiod overdose?

62
Q

What can be used to aid in opioid withdrawal?

63
Q

Why is naloxone given with opioid drugs?

A

TO decrease abuse

64
Q

Name the drug that is:
Full agonist at kappa
Antagonist at mew

65
Q

Name the drug that is:
full agonist at kappa
partial agonist at mew

A

Pentazocine

66
Q

Name the drug that is
antagonist at kappa
partial agonist at mew

67
Q

Name the drug that is
STRONG agonist at kappa
Partial agonist at mew

A

Butorphanol.

Matches with Pentazocine

68
Q

Why does NSAIDs cause duodenal cancers in a patient being treated for ZOllinger Ellison Syndrome?

A

Bcaz it blocks prostaglandins

69
Q

WHich drugs is not used for gout?

A

Aspirin and Tolectin

70
Q

Febuxostat MOA?

A

Decreases Xanthine oxidase which decreases uric acid production

71
Q

Name the topical antihistamine used for ocular pruritus?

A

Azelatine

Olopatadine

72
Q

Name a COX 2 selective agent?

73
Q

Name the NSAID that is a potent analgesic used for short term trt of moderately severe acute pain such as post op pain used in place of morphine?

74
Q

What is the first line agent for chronic tension headaches?

A

Nortriptyline

75
Q

What is effective before the start of a headache?

A

Aspirin
Acetaminophen
Caffeine

76
Q

When can you absolutely not use the triptan class?

A

Vascular disease

77
Q

T/F?

Acetaminophen can be used for the trt of reversible angioedema?

A

NOPE

U cannot use acetaminophen for edema!

78
Q

Which patients can’t you use bupropion in?

A

Patients with high seizures

79
Q

Name the three MAOIs?

What happens if you mix with a sympahtomimetic?

A

Phenylzine
Tranycypromine
Moclomide

HTN crisis

80
Q

Moclomide

A 
Specific (MAO-A) and reversible. A newer class described as RIMAs (Reversible
inhibitors of MAO-A).
81
Q

Bipolar disorder ptx takes thiazide duretics and expriences muscle twitching, dizziness, and blured vision.
What is the cause?

A

Decreased levels of sodium due to lithium accumulation

82
Q

T/F?

It is OK to combine SSRI with MAOI?

A

FALSE

u will surely die

Pharm II (7 decks)

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