PharmII_Exam1_pract Flashcards
What is the drug of choice for gas gangrene?
Penicillin G
What do PCNs combine with and inactivate?
Transpeptidase
A PCN binding protein
Are PCNs bacteriostatic or bactericidal?
Bacteriocidal
What simultaneous administration prolongs duration of PCN?
Probenecid
99% of PCN G and V are eliminated via where?
Kidney
Which antistaph PCN has poor oral adsorption?
Methicillin
What is the drug of choice for Listeria?
Ampicillin
Which drug is employed prophylactically by patients with abnormal heart valves, who are to undergo oral surgery?
Amoxicillin
Are ampicillin and amoxicillin resistant to penicillinase?
No
Which 3 drugs are effective against indole-positive proteus?
Carbenicillin
Ticarcillin
Piperacillin
What antipseudomonal drug can cause platelet dysfunction?
Piperacillin
Name the most potent ureido-penicillin?
Piperacillin
How does penicillin penetrate CSF?
Only with inflammation
The highest incidence of hypersensitivity to PCN occurs with which?
Ampicillin
Are cephalosporins effective against penicillinase producing bacteria?
Yes.
Due to increase in resistance
What class of antimicrobials are drug of choice for Klebsiella?
Cephalosporin
What are 1st gen cephalosporins active against?
PEcK
Proteus
E. coli
Klebsiella
Name the alternative to anti-staph PCN in penicillin allergic patients?
Cefazolin
Name the drug of choice in surgical prophylaxis?
Cefazolin
What are 2nd generation cephalosporins active against?
HEN PEcK
Name the 1st line of drugs for N. Gonorrheae?
Ceftriaxone - IV
Cefixime-oral
Name the cephalosporins that are useful against P. aerugionsa?
What generation
Ceftazidime
Cefoperazone
3rd generation
What are Cetizoxime and Moxalactam active against?
Bacteroides fragilis
3rd gen staph
Name two cephalosporins that are excreted through the biliary tract?
Cefoperazone
Ceftriaxone
What cephalosporin group are used to treat meningitis?
3rd generation
Which drug is active against MRSA?
Vancomycin
Which beta lactam antibiotic has the broadest spectrum and what is it used for?
Imipenem/cilastatin
Used in empiric therapy.
How is bacitracin administered?
Why?
Look up
What drug is used for corneal ulcers and external otitis?
Polymyxin B
What is Polymyxin restricted to treating?
Gram - bacteria.
Is polymyxin Bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal?
Bacteriocidal
What is cycloserine mainly used for?
TB
Which beta lactam is used in umbrella therapy?
Imipenem
What is the MOA of beta lactams?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Which antibiotic is highly active against Treponema pallidum(syphilis)?
PCN
Name two beta lactams that are not excreted via the kidney?
Cefoperazone and Ceftriaxone
Which drug is it safe to treat UTI in prego chicks?
Fosfomycin
one dose
Increased resistance to hydrolysis of chromosomal beta lactamse is specific to what generation cephalosporin?
4th generation
Which drug is used in carriers of meningococcal infxns?
Minocycline
What is effective against ROcky Mountain Spotted Fever(Ricksettia)?
All tetracyclines
Chloramphenicol
Which of the following is the most imp mech of resistance to tetracyclines?
Reduced permeability or increased efflux by an active transport protein pump.
What is the tetracycline of choice for SIADH?
Demeciocycline
What is the tetracycline of choice in renal insufficiency?
Doxycycline (excreted via bile).
A skin rash is a type of what……..
Hypersensitivity rxn
Which drug is resistant to staphy beta-lactamases?
Oxacillin
Which group of drugs are Effective against pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram neg)
Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin, Azlocillin, Piperacillin, Mezlocillin
Which drug is eliminated in the bile?
Nafcillin
good for renal dysfunction patients
Which is the drug of choice for bacterial meningitis?
Ceftriaxone
Does Probenecide help with NAfcillin?
NO!!! Bcaz Nafcillin is eliminated in the bile.
Which drug is used for empiric therapy?
Impenem
MOA of monobactam?
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
Trt for respiratory tract infections?
Aztreonam
This is the only monobactem
Vancomycin is given slowly through IV to treat what condition?
Endocarditis
What is the name of the structure on the test?
Cephalospoprin
What is used to treat Pseudomonas causing corneal ulcers?
Polymyxin B
What is used to treat atypical pneumonia caused by Mycoplasm?
Doxycycline
What is an AE of flucytosine?
Reverse bone marrow suppression