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A - NAPLEX > Pharmacy Foundations: IV medication principles > Flashcards

Pharmacy Foundations: IV medication principles Flashcards

1
Q

When is IV route used for drug delivery

A

When gut needs to be bypassed or patients are NPO in hospital

Drugs with poor oral bioavailability

Fast onset is required

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2
Q

Peripheral vs Central lines

A

Peripheral are cheaper and easier to insert
Common veins for peripheral lines are cephalic or saphenous veins

Central lines empty into larger vein and medication diluted more quickly

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3
Q

Central lines are required for administration of….

A

Highly concentrated drugs (KCl > 20mEq/100ml)
Long term abx
Toxic drugs that would give phlebitis or tissue damage if peripheral
Drugs with pH or osmolality not similar to blood pH

Can also be used for patients with collapsed veins

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4
Q

Benefits of central lines….

A

can give higher volumes and faster infusion rates

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5
Q

Vesicant drug info

A

Drug that will cause severe tissue damage if catheter tip comes out of vein

Central lines are safer with central line

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6
Q

Examples of vesicants

A

Vasopressors (dopamine, norepi)
anthracyclines (doxorubicin)
vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine)
digoxin
foscarnet
nafcillin
mannitol
mitomycin
promethazine

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7
Q

IV promethazine issues

A

should not be given to children < 2 years old

IM preferred, intra-arterial/subQ shouldn’t be used

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8
Q

Chemical incompatibility causes….

A

hydrolysis
oxidation
decomposition

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9
Q

Physical incompatibilities occur between one of the following….

A

container
diluent
another drug

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10
Q

Container absorption vs adsorption

A

absorption: when drug moves into PVC container
adsorption: when drug adheres or sticks to container

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11
Q

Drugs that have leaching, absorption or adsorption issues can be placed into….

A

polyolefin, polypropylene or glass containers

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12
Q

Drugs with leaching, adsorption or absorption properties?

A

Leach
Absorbs
To
Take
In
Nutrients

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13
Q

Leach Absorbs To Take In Nutrients

A

L = Lorazepam
A = Amiodarone
T = Tacrolimus
T = Taxanes
I = Insulin
N = Nitroglycerin

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14
Q

Drugs that require Saline diluent solution

A

A DIAbetic Cant Eat Pie

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15
Q

A DIAbetic Cant Eat Pie

A

A = Ampicillin
D = Daptomycin
I = Infliximab
A = Ampicillin/Sulbactam
C = Caspofungin
E = Ertapenem
P = Phenytoin

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16
Q

Drugs that require Dextrose diluent solution

A

Outrageous Bakers Avoid Salt

17
Q

Outrageous Bakers Avoid Salt

A

O = Oxaliplatin
B = Bactrim (SMX/TMP)
A = Amphotericin B
S = Synercid (Quinupristin/Dalfopristin)

18
Q

Y-site vs Additive compatibility

A

Many drugs that cannot be mixed in container can be given together and have Y-site compatibility

Drugs spend less time together mixing in Y-site

19
Q

Primary Sources for compatibility issues

A

Trissel’s
Kings

20
Q

High-Risk incompatibilities

A

Calcium + Ceftriaxone*
Calcium + Phosphate**

  • Lactated ringers contain Ceftriaxone
    ** when used in parenteral nutrition, methods have to be used to reduce risk of precipitate
21
Q

Common Drugs that require filters

A

My GAL Is PAT who has a MaP

22
Q

My GAL Is PAT who has a MaP

A

G = golimumab
A = Amphotericin B (lipid formulations)
L = Lipids - 1.2 micron size

Is = Isavuconazonium

P = Phenyoin
A = Amiodarone
T = Taxanes (cabazitaxel and paclitaxel)

Ma = Mannitol > 20%
P = Parenteral nutrition - 1.2 micron size

23
Q

IV Drugs that shouldn’t be refrigerated

A

Dear Sweet Pharmacist, Freezing Makes Me Edgy

24
Q

Dear Sweet Pharmacist, Freezing Makes Me Edgy

A

D = Dexmedetomidine
S = SMX/TMP
P = Phenytoin = crystalizes
F = Furosemide = crystalizes
M = Metronidazole
M = Moxifloxacin
E = Enoxaparin

25
Q

Drugs that require protection from light during administration

A

Protect Every Necessary Med from Daylight

26
Q

Protect Every Necessary Med from Daylight

A

P = Phytonadione, Vitamin K
E = Epoprostenol
N = Nitroprusside
M = Micafungin
D = Doxycycline

27
Q

Drugs that shouldn’t be shaken or agitated

A

Protein/Blood products such as Albumin, immune globulins, monoclonal antibodies and insulins

Products that foam = alteplase, entanjrcept, rasburicase, Synercid

A - NAPLEX (83 decks)

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