Chapter 4: Learning Lab Values & Drug Monitoring Flashcards
What can cause agranulocytosis
clozapine
PTU
methimazole
procainamide
carbamazepine
Bactrim
Isoniazid
What causes increased calcium levels
calcium supplementation
Vitamin D
thiazide diuretics
What causes decreased calcium levels
long-term heparin
loop diuretics
bisphosphonates
cinacalcet
What causes decreased magnesium levels
PPIs
diuretics
What condition causes increased phosphate levels
Renal failure
What causes increased K levels
ACEi
ARBs
ARAs
aliskiren
canagliflozin
cyclosporine
tacrolimus
K supplements
SMX/TMP
drosperinone-containing contraceptives
What drugs causes decreased K levels
steroids
B-2 agonists
diuretics
insulin
What causes decreased Na levels
carbamazepine
oxcarbazepine
SSRIs
diuretics
What drugs causes decreased bicarbonate levels
topiramate
What conditions cause increased BUN levels
Renal impairment
dehydration
What drugs cause increased SCr
Aminoglycosides
amphotericin B
cisplatin
colistimethane
cyclosporine
tacrolimus
loop diuretics
polymyxin
NSAIDs
radiocontrast dye
vancomycin
Increased anion gap suggests:
metabolic acidosis
What conditions causes increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
B12
folate deficiency
What condition causes decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
iron deficiency
Folic acid is decreased due to
phenytoin/phosphenytoin
phenobarbital
primidone
methotrexate
SMX/TMP
Vitamin B12 is decreased due to
PPIs
metformin
When is reticulocyte count decreased
In untreated anemia due to
iron
folate
B12 deficiency
and with bone marrow suppression
Coombs test is positive in
drug-induced hemolysis caused by
PCNs
cephalosporins
dapsone
isoniazid
levodopa
methyldopa
methylene blue
nitrofurantoin
pegloticase
primaquine
quinidine
quinine
rasburicase
rifampin
sulfonamides
The RBC destruction with G6PD deficiency is triggered by:
Stress
foods (fava beans)
dapsone
methylene blue
nitrofurantoin
pegloticase
primaquine
rasburicase
sulfonamides
Anti-Xa peak should be obtained ___ hours after SC LMWH dose
4 hours
What is Anti-Xa used to monitor
LMWH
UFH
PT/INR is used to monitor
warfarin
INR increases (without warfarin) due to
liver disease
False increase in INR occurs from which drugs
daptomycin
oritavancin
telavancin
aPTT or PTT is used to monitor
UFH
direct thrombin inhibitors
False increase in aPTT occurs from
oritavancin
televancin
Platelets decrease due to
Heparin
LMWHs
fondaparinux (Arixtra)
linezolid
valproic acid
Which drugs are impacted by low albumin
Warfarin
calcium
phenytoin
Which drugs require correction for low albumin
calcium
phenytoin
valproic acid
Amylase and lipase increase in pancreatitis, which can be caused by which drugs and conditions
didanosine
GLP-1 agonist
DPP-4 inhibitors
valproic acid
hypertriglyceridemia
Creatine Kinase (CK or CPK) is increased due to which drugs
daptomycin
statins
tenofovir
raltegravir
dolutegravir
What are the cardiac enzymes that are used in the diagnosis of MI
Troponin T
Troponin I
BNP
NT-proBNP
BNP and NT-proBNP are markers of
Cardiac stress.
Higher values indicate higher likelihood of HF
Increased TSH (hypothyroidism) is due to which drugs?
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
lithium
carbamazepine
Lactic acid can be increased due to which drugs
NRTIs
metformin
Prolactin can increase due to
haloperidol
risperidone
paliperidone
Uric acid can be increased due to
diuretics
niacin
low doses of ASA
pyrazinamide
cyclosporine
tacrolimus
select pancreatic enzyme product
select chemotherapy (TLS)
drugs that cause DILE
anti-TNF agents
hydralazine
isoniazid
methimazole
methyldopa
minocycline
procainamide
PTU
quinidine
terbinafine
Which lab parameters are used to assess HIV and monitor treatment
CD4+ lymphocyte count
viral load
What is the antibiody test used to screen for syphilis
RPR
(Rapid Plasma Reagin)
Those with TPMT deficiency may require lower doses of
azathiopurine (Imuran)
mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan)
Therapeutic drug level for vanco
Trough: 15-20 mcg/mL for most serious infections
- pneumonia
- endocarditis
- osteomyelitis
- meningitis
- bacteremia
Trough: 10-15 mcg/mL for others
