Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A - NAPLEX > Chapter 7: Learning IV Medications > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Learning IV Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Another name for a venous catheter

A

Line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is a common vein where a peripheral catheter can be inserted?

A

cephalic vein in the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a limitation of administering drugs into smaller veins?

A

Phlebitis (vein irritation), venous thrombosis and fluid extravasation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does a central line empty into?

A

larger veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Central lines provide secure, long-term vascular access and are required for administration of:

A
  • highly concentrated drugs
  • long term antibiotics
  • toxic drugs that can cause phlebitis (e.g. chemo)
  • drugs with a pH or osmolality that is not close to blood pH or osmolality (e.g. parenteral nutrition)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where can central lines be placed?

A
  • Into a large vessel like the superior vena cava
  • Into a smaller vein and advancing the catheter through the vein until the tip ends in the superior vena cava (called a PICC - peripherally inserted central catheter)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are examples of common vesicants

A
  • Vasopressors (dopamine, NE)
  • Anthracyclines (e.g. doxorubicin)
  • Vinca alkaloids (e.g. vincristine)
  • Promethazine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name 3 primary compatibility and stability sources for parenteral medications

A
  • Trissel’s Handbook on Injectable Drugs
  • King guide to Parenteral Admixtures
  • Package insert
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Drugs that have leaching or adsorption/absorption issues with PCV containers can be placed in:

A

Polyolefin, polypropylene or glass containers (these are known as non-PVC containers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Key drugs with leaching/adsorption/absorption issues with PVC containers

A
  • Lorazepam
  • Amiodarone
  • Tacrolimus
  • Taxanes
  • Insulin
  • Nitroglycerin

Remember: Leach Absorbs To Take In Nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are key drugs that cannot be put into dextrose & can only be used with saline?

A
  • Ampicillin
  • Daptomycin (cubicin)
  • Infliximab (Remicade)
  • Ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn)
  • Caspofungin (Cancidas)
  • Ertapenem (Invanz)
  • Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Remember: A DIAbetic Cant Eat Pie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are key drugs that cannot be put into saline & can only be used with dextrose?

A
  • Bactrim
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Amphotericin B
  • Synercid (Quinupristin/Dalfopristin)

Remember: BOAS will strangle the pharmacist who puts these drugs into anything but dextrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are two examples of high-risk incompatibilities?

A
  1. Ceftriaxone and any calcium-containing solutions due to risk of precipitates (e.g. lactated ringers contains calcium and cannot be mixed with ceftriaxone)
  2. Calcium and phosphate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a 1.2 micron filter used for?

A

Lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What size filter should you use for parenteral nutrition?

A

0.22 micron filter, which will catch calcium-phosphate particulates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are common drugs with filter requirements?

A
  • Golimumab
  • Amiodarone
  • Lorazepam (when administered by continuous infusion)
  • Phenytoin (when administered by continuous infusion)
  • Lipids (1.2 micron)
  • Amphotericin B (lipid formulations; use 5 micron filter)
  • Taxanes (except docetaxel)

Remember: That’s my GAL, PLAT

17
Q

Which key IV drugs crystalize if kept cold and are stored at room temperature?

A
  • Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
  • Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
  • Phenytoin (crystalizes)
  • Furosemide (crystalizes)
  • Metronidazole
  • Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
  • Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Remember: Dear Sweet Pharmacist, Freezing Makes Me Edgy

18
Q

What are key drugs that must be protected from light during administration?

A
  • Phytonadione (Vitamin K; Mephyton)
  • Epoprostenol (Flolan)
  • Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
  • Micafungin (Mycamine)
  • Doxycycline

Remember: Protect Every Necessary Med from Daylight

19
Q

Which drugs are easily destroyed if shaken/agitated?

A
  • Albumin
  • Alteplase
  • Immune globulins
  • Insulins
  • Monoclonal antibodies
  • Rasburicase
  • Some vaccines, including zoster
20
Q

In most cases, discoloration of a drug indicates _____ or another type of decomposition

A
  • Oxidation
21
Q

Oxidation of dobutamine turns the solution slightly ____, but potency is not lost

A

Pink

22
Q

If nitroprusside turns ____, it indicates complete dissociation to cyanide

A
  • Blue
23
Q

Which two IV drugs come as a red solution

A

Anthracyclines and rifampin

24
Q

Which IV drug comes as a blue solution

A

Mitoxantrone

25
Q

Physical incompatibilities occur between a drug and:

A
  • The container
  • The diluent
  • Another drug
26
Q

The majority of PVC containers use ____ as a “plasticizer” to make the plastic bag more flexible

A

DEHP

27
Q

Why is DEHP dangerous in PVC containers

A

It’s toxic & can harm the liver and testes if it leaches from the container and into the solution

28
Q

When drugs are put into solution for IV administration in the pharmacy, they are commonly placed in 50 mL or larger IV piggybacks that contain:

A

5% dextrose or 0.9% sodium chloride

29
Q

Lactated ringers solution contains

A

Calcium

30
Q

If compounding IV medications packaged in glass ampules, what is used to prevent particulates from entering the IV bag

A

Filter needles or filter straws

A - NAPLEX (83 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions