Pharmacotherapeutics Exam 2 Drugs Flashcards
Amoxil
Amoxicillin (penicillin)
ENT, GU, Skin, Lower Resp tract
500mg Q12 (mild) 875mg Q12 (severe)
Warn/Precaut: Cephalosporins, imipenem allergy
Adverse: GI upset
Augmentin
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (penicllin/B-lactamase inhib)
Community aquired pneumonia, acute bacterial sinusitis
Take with meals
(dose based on amoxicillin component)
875mg Q12 (severe) or 500mg Q8
Warn/Precaut: Cephalosporins, imipenem allergy
Adverse: GI upset, NVD
May antagonize oral contraceptives, potentiate anitcoagulants
Amox - birth control - anitcoags - gi - 875-q12 / 500-q8
Cipro
Ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones)
500mg Q12 for 10 days
Adverse: Tendintis, Tendon Rupture {BOX}
Bactrim
sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Sulfa)
800 mg/160 mg
Sulfonamide + folic acid inhibitor.
UTI, Prophylaxis of Pneumocitis jiroveci PJP (pneumonia)
1 DS tab or 2 regular Q 12 for 5 days (shigellosis, travelers’ diarrhea)
10–14 days (UTIs), or 14 days (bronchitis)
Warn: May potentiate oral anticoagulants
Sulfa - folate - UTI - PJP - anitcoags
Zithromax
azithromycin (Macrolides)
500mg once for 1 day, then 250mg once daily for 4 days
Ketolide allergy, Prolong QT
Warn: Pneumonia: oral treatment is for mild, community-acquired cases suitable for outpatient therapy only
Avoid concomitant aluminum- or magnesium-containing antacids
Z pack - Long QT - antacids -outpatient pneumonia
Doxycycline
Doxycycline (Tetracyclines)
Postexposure prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax.
Uncomplicated gonoccal infections (except anorectal infections in men): 100mg twice daily for 7 days
endocervical, or rectal infection caused byC. trachomatis,
nongonococcal urethritis caused byC. trachomatisandU. urealyticum: 100mg twice daily for at least 7 days
8yrs: not recommended (Grey Teeth)
Photosensitivity
Doxy - anthrax - Sun - Teeth -
Tobramycin
Tobramycin (Aminoglycosides)
Monitor for nephro- and neurotoxicity
Adverse:Nephro- or neurotoxicity
Clindamycin
Clindamycin (Lincosamide)
Monitor for pseudomembranous colitis. (C.Diff)
Flagyl
metronidazole (anti-flagyl)
Susceptible anaerobic infections
Contra: Pregnancy (1sttrimester for trichomoniasis). Within 2 weeks of disulfiram (possible psychotic reactions).
Concomitant alcohol or propylene glycol containing-products during or at least 3 days after treatment
Flagy - preg - anaerobic - alcohol
Vancocin
Vancomycin
Severe infections due to susceptible MRSA in penicillin-allergic patients; patients who cannot receive or have failed to respond to other drugs
Adverse: Stevens-Johnson syndrome
VANC - MRSA - Steven Johnson
Rifamate
Rifampin
Susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis. Not for initial therapy.
{BOX}: Severe and sometimes fatal hepatitis may occur
Warn: Increased risk of severe or fatal hepatitis;
Zyvox
linezolid (Oxazolidinone)
vancomycin-resistantE. faecium, MRSA
Cytovene
Ganciclovir
DNA Polymerase Inhibitor
cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Caution: Bone marrow toxicity
1 g tid as maintenance dose. Alternatively, 500 mg 6 times daily, or 5 mg/kg every 12 hours for 14-21 days.
Gan - 1gram TiD - bone tox - cytomega
Zovirax
acyclovir (Nucleoside analogue)
Genital herpes. Herpes zoster. Varicella
ZOVIRAX CAPSULES Contraindications:
Valacyclovir hypersensitivity.
Aldara
imiquimod 5% cream
ALDARA Classification:
Immune response modifier.
