Pharmacology Revision Flashcards
Pharmacology
The study of drugs and their effects on the body
Pharmacodynamics
The study of how drugs act within the body to achieve their effect
Pharmacokinetics
The study of the way in which the body handles drugs from administration to elimination.
Deals with absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
Absorption
Affected by
- Route of administration
- Solubility of drug
- Condition at the site
- pH of the drug
- Drug concentration/Dose
Distribution
affected by
Plasma Proteins (carry the drug)
Cardiovascular Function
Regional blood flow
Physiological barriers (Placenta, Brain)
Metabolism of drug
Mainly in liver
also in Blood plasma, intestinal mucosa and kidneys.
Patients with renal or liver failure can affect the half life of drug
Drug action
affected by
- Dose
- Route
- Age & Weight
- Genetic factors
- Sex
- Physiologial factors
- Illness and disease factors
- The Patients Environment
Theraputic Effect
The desired effect the drug has on the body
Half Life
The time taken to remove half of the drug from the body or half its effect.
7 Rights of Administration
Right Patient Right Time Right Drug Right Dose Right Route Right Documentation Right to refuse
Anti -Hypertensive Drugs
Beta-blockers Diuretics ACE Inhibitors ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) Calcium Channel Blockers Alpha Receptor blockers Vasodilators
Heart Failure Drugs
Diuretics
ACE Inhibitors
ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers)
Aldosterone antagonists
Angina Drugs
Nitrates Beta-blockers Calcium Channel blockers Potassium Channel activators Cytoprotective agents
Anti-hyperlipidaemic drugs
Statins - atorvaststin
Anti-arrhythmic drugs
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Its actions include
slowing the heart rate, increasing the force of myocardium contraction, increasing vagal
activity which reduces the sinoatrial rate.
Amiodarone
Bretylium
Flecainide
Lignocaine
Procainamide
Quinidine
