Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics (Pearson MyLab & Mastering A&P) Flashcards
[Pharmacology]
Which of the following schedules involves a pharmacist giving the customer the drug that does not require a prescription?
- S7
- S3
- S1
- S5
S3
[Pharmacokinetics]
Which one of the following is TRUE?
- Protein binding reduces drug activity.
- A drug that is bound to albumin can easily pass through biologic membrances.
- Liver disease decreases plasma concentration of free drug.
- A drug with low affinity for albumin will displace a drug with high affinity.
Protein binding reduces drug activity.
[Pharmacokinetics]
Which of the following involves the action of cytochrome enzymes in inactivating drugs?
- Metabolism
- Distribution
- Excretion
- Absorption
Metabolism
[Pharmacology]
Which of the following terms refers to the need to increase the dose of a drug in order to achieve the same therapeutic effect?
- tolerance
- toxicity
- tachyphylaxis
- desensitization
tolerance
[Pharmacology]
A drug binds completely with its receptor, but this binding results in reduced efficacy. What type of drug is this?
- full agonist
- non-competitive antagonist
- competitive antagonist
- partial agonist
non-competitive agonist
[Pharmacokinetics]
Which one of the following demonstrates that half-life is dependent on the starting concentration of a drug?
- first-order kinetics
- single-compartment model
- zero-order elimination
- two-compartment model
zero-order elimination
[Pharmacokinetics]
Which of the following routes of administration refers to crossing the skin barrier?
- Sublingual
- Rectal
- Transdermal
- Intramuscular
Transdermal
[Pharmacokinetics]
A patient received a drug at a dose of 100 mg. Its plasma concentration is 8 mg/L. What is the volume of distribution of the drug?
- 8 L
- 12.5 L
- 125 L
- 80 L
12.5 L
[Pharmacokinetics]
In a given population, the TD50 is 2 mg, and the LD50 is 40 mg. What is the therapeutic index of the drug?
- 100
- 20
- 200
- 50
20
[Pharmacology]
In a dose-response curve, what drug characteristic can be derived from the plateau (top right end)?
- variability
- maximal efficacy
- therapeutic index
- potency
maximal efficacy
[Pharmacology]
Which of the following items refers to a hepatic phenomenon that can reduce the concentration of the drug available in the blood after oral administration?
- Ibuprofen
- Panadol
- Acetaminophen
- Aspirin
Aspirin
[Pharmacokinetics]
The plasma concentration of the drug is found to be 2 mg/litre. The drug is known to have a volume of distribution of 50 litres for a person of his weight (70 kg). How much drug would you estimate is in his body (total body burden)?
- 1 mg
- 12.5 mg
- 25 mg
- 100 mg
25 mg
[Pharmacokinetics]
If drug A has a maximum safe concentration, 200 mg/L, then above this level a patient would commonly experience which of the following outcomes?
- Desirable therapeutic effects
- Suboptimal therapeutic effects
- No side effects
- Adverse side effects
Suboptimal therapeutic effects
[Pharmacokinetics]
Which one of the following is TRUE regarding first order kinetics?
- Half-life is directly proportional to drug clearance.
- Half-life is variable over time.
- Half-life is independent of plasma concentration.
- Half-life is inversely proportional to volume of distribution.
Half-life is variable over time.
[Pharmacokinetics]
Which one of the following is TRUE regarding half-life?
- Half-life is unaffected by changes in clearance.
- If clearance is doubled, half-life is doubled.
- If the volume of distribution doubles, half-life is halved.
- Half-life changes in relation to volume of distribution.
Half-life changes in relation to volume of distribution.
[Pharmacokinectics]
Which one of the following is TRUE regarding drug excretion?
- If lipophilic drugs are slowly converted to hydrophilic metabolites, none is reabsorbed back to the blood.
- Hydrophilic drugs are easily reaborbed by the kidneys.
- Hydrophilic drugs are excreted by the kidneys.
- If lipophilic drugs are rapidly converted to hydrophilic metabolites , renal reabsorption predominates.
Hydrophilic drugs are excreted by the kidneys.
[Pharmacology]
If the ED50 is 10 mg and the LD50 is 200 mg, what is the therapeutic index?
- 20
- 100
- 0.05
- 2
20
[Pharmacology]
Which of the following items refers to a hepatic phenomenon that can reduce the concentration of the drug available in the blood after oral administration?
- distribution
- absorption
- desensitization
- first pass metabolism
first pass metabolism
[Pharmacokinetics]
Which one of the following facilitates deconjugation of a drug in the gut thus allowing enteral absorption?
- glucuronidase
- hydroxylase
- cytochrome P450
- oxidase
cytochrome P450
[Pharmacokinectics]
Which of the following routes of administration will allow a drug to appear immediately in the bloodstream?
- Subcutaneous
- Intravenous
- Topical
- Oral
Intravenous
