Musculoskeletal System (Pearson MyLab & Mastering A&P) Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing feature of a synovial joint?
- a capsule that creates a space in the joint
- ligaments connecting the two bones of the joint
- hyaline cartilage connecting the two bones of the joint
- synovial fluid
hyaline cartilage connecting the two bones of the joint
Rationale: Hyaline cartilage makes up the articular cartilage in a synovial joint, but this does not connect the two sides together.
The quadriceps femoris is composed of three “vastus” muscles and the _______.
- semitendinosus
- biceps femoris
- rectus femoris
- semimembranosus
rectus femoris
Which of the following is a hamstring muscle?
- vasts lateralis
- vasts medialis
- rectus femoris
- biceps femoris
biceps femoris
Rationale: The hamstrings are fleshy muscles of the posterior thigh (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus). They cross both the hip and knee joints and are prime movers of thigh extension and knee flexion.
The pelvic girdle does NOT include the ________.
- pubis
- ilium
- ischium
- femur
femur
Which joints are correctly matched?
- elbow; pivot
- interphalangeal; plane
- wrist; saddle
- ankle; hinge
ankle; hinge
The arrows in B and C point to structures that can both be described as ________.
- ligaments
- tendons
- muscles
- bones
ligaments
Rationale: The band of fibrous tissue that connects two bones is generally referred to as a ligament. In the case of the gomphosis shown in C, the fibrous connection is specifically termed the periodontal ligament.
Which of the following represents a structural classification for joints that are separated by a joint cavity?
- fibrous
- diarthrosis
- synovial
- cartilaginous
synovial
Rationale: Synovial is a structural classification for joints. Structural classification focuses on the material binding the bones together and whether a joint cavity is present.
Which of the following terms describes the range of movement of the illustrated joint?
- diarthrotic
- synarthrotic
- synovial
- amphiarthrotic
diarthrotic
Rationale: Synovial joints are considered to be freely movable and are therefore described as diarthrotic.
The contractile units of skeletal muscles are _______.
- microtubules
- T tubules
- myofibrils
- mitochondria
myofibrils
On the basis of structural classification, which is a fibrous joint?
- symphysis
- syndesmosis
- pivot
- synchondrosis
syndesmosis
Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Identify a saddle joint of the skeleton.
- interphalangeal joint of the finger
- metacarpophalangeal joint of the finger
- carpometacarpal joint of the phalanges
- carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Identify a saddle joint of the skeleton.
- interphalangeal joint of the finger
- metacarpophalangeal joint of the finger
- carpometacarpal joint of the phalanges
- carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Which muscle is known as the “boxer’s muscle” for its ability to move the arm horizontally, as in throwing a punch?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- D
Rationale: The serratus anterior can be used to violently pull the scapula laterally and thus pull the shoulder forward, adding strength to a horizontal punch.
Which of the following is NOT a member of the hamstrings?
- gracilis
- biceps femoris
- semitendinosus
- semimembranosus
gracilis
Which muscle(s) is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly?
- internal intercostals and rectus abdominus
- rectus abdominis and diaphragm
- external intercostals and diaphragm
- diaphragm alone
external intercostals and diaphragm
The smallest contractile unit within skeletal muscle would correspond to the distance between which two points in the figure?
- 1 and 3
- 2 and 6
- 3 and 5
- 1 and 7
1 and 7
Rationale: The distance between points 1 and 7 spans a sarcomere, the smallest contractile unit of a muscle fiber.
