Pharmacology of the eye Flashcards
Which kind of drugs will penetrate the epithelium of the cornea?
Lipid soluble drugs
Which kind of drugs will penetrate the stroma of the cornea?
Water soluble drugs
What can reduce the hydrophobic nature of the epithelium?
Ocular surface inflammation
What properties does chloramphenicol have that allow it to penetrate the cornea easily?
It is both lipid and water soluble
How can topical steroids be made more hydrophilic?
Add phosphate
How can topical steroids be made more hydrophobic?
Add alcohol or acetate
Which bacteria does chloramphenicol have bacteriosidal effects against?
Streptococcus
Haemophilus
Which bacteria does chloramphenicol have bacteristatic effects against?
Staphylococcus
When are steroids used topically in the eye?
Post operative cateracts
Uveitis
To prevent corneal graft rejection
What are some of the local side effects of using topical steriods in eyes?
Cataract
Glaucoma
Exacerbation of viral infection
Why do topical steroids in the eyes cause systemic side effects?
Tears (containing steroid) wash into the nasolacrimal duct gradually
If too much is put in the eye, lots is swallowed
