Pharmacology of the Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Atropine is formally known as…?

Answer 1

Belladonna

Question 2

The autonomic nervous system can be divided into?

Answer 2

Sympathetic Nervous System

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 3

The sympathetic nervous system has what sort of outflow?

Answer 3

Thoracic/Lumbar ouflow

Question 4

The parasympathetic nervous system has what sort of outflow?

Answer 4

Craniocaudal outflow

Question 5

The sympathetic nervous system has what affect on the eye?

Answer 5

Dilation

Question 6

The parasympathetic nervous system has what affect on the eye?

Answer 6

Constriction

Question 7

What are the main neurotramsitters of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 7

Acetylcholine

Noradrenaline

Question 8

What is the ONLY role of adrenaline?

Answer 8

In hypoglycaemia, whee adrenaline is released from the adrenal medulla to increase glucose back up

Question 9

What is the difference in length between the pre and postganglionic neurones in the Sympathetic / Parasympathetic divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 9

Sympathetic division
Shorter preganglionic / Longer postganglionic

Parasympathetic division
Longer preganglionic / Shorter postganglionic

Question 10

Give five actions that the parasympathetic nervous system does

Answer 10

1. Decrease HR and heart beat force
2. Increases the activity of the digestive system
3. Emptying of the urinary bladder
4. Erection
5. Secretion from salivary / lacrimal glands

Question 11

What are the two classes of acetylcholine receptor?

Answer 11

Nicotinic

Muscarinic

Question 12

What kind of receptor is a nicotinic receptor?

Answer 12

Ligand gated ion channel

Question 13

What kind of receptor is a muscarinic receptor

Answer 13

GPCR

Question 14

Acetylcholine is broken down by..?

Answer 14

Acetylcholinesterase

Question 15

What are the two types of Acetylcholineaster?

Answer 15

Tissue cholinesterase

Pseudocholinesterase

Question 16

Give an example of a drug which prevents the release of Acetylcholine?

Answer 16

Botulimium

Question 17

Physostigmine is what kind of drug? What can it be treated for?

Answer 17

Reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Myethenia Gravis

Question 18

Atropine is a _____inic ________ist?

Answer 18

Musacarinic Antagonist

Question 19

Aside from Atropine, what other Muscarinic antagonists are there?

Answer 19

Scopolamine

Question 20

Give an example of a Muscaranic agonist?

Answer 20

Pilocarpine

Question 21

Give three actions which the sympathetic system has on the body?

Answer 21

1. Increase HR and force of heart beat
2. Increase BP
3. Increase glucose sugar

Question 22

A patient with heart failure will have what kind of skin?

Answer 22

Cold, clammy skin

Question 23

Give an example of a false transmitter

Answer 23

Tyramime

Question 24

Salbutamol is a what receptor agonist?

Answer 24

Beta 2 adrenergic agonist

Question 25

Propanolol is what kind of adrenoreceptor antagonist?

Answer 25

Beta 1 and Beta 2 (non-selective)

Question 26

Atenolol is what kind of adrenoreceptor antagonist?

Answer 26

Beta 1 selective