Pharmacology of the Autonomic Drugs Flashcards
Which division of ANS has long preganglionic neurons?
Psymp
Preganglionic symp nt?
ACh
Preganglionic psymp nt?
ACh
Postganglionic symp nt?
NE
Postganglionic psymp nt?
ACh
Symp effects on eye
- Far focus
- Contraction of radial m→mydriasis (dilation)
Psymp effects on eye
- Contraction of circ. sphincter m→miosis (constriction)
- Contraction of ciliary m→ short focus
- More tear production
Symp effects on Digestive system
- Less secretion and motility
- More sphincter tone
Psymp effects on digestive system
- More secretion and motility
- Less sphincter tone
Symp effects on heart
- Increase HR
- Increase contraction force
Psymp effects on heart
- Decrease HR
- Decrease force
Symp effects on blood vessels
- Muscle vessels relax
- Skin and gut vessels constrict
Psymp effects on blood vessels
- Relaxes most
Symp effects on lungs
Relaxes bronchial smooth m
Psymp effects on lungs
Constricts bronchial smooth m
Symp effects on reproductive organs
- Relaxes blader
- Ejaculation (symp=shoot)
Psymp effects on reproductive organs
- Contracts bladder
- Erection (Psymp=point)
Symp effects on metabolism
Increase in blood glucose
Psymp effects on metabolism
Decrease in blood glucose
ACh removal
AChE
NE removal
- Reuptake
- COMT (catecholomethyltransferase)
- MAO (monoamine oxidase)
Subtypes of cholinergic receptors and what they alter
Nicotinic receptor: Alterted ion channel (ionotropic)
Muscarinic receptor: altered metabolism (metabotropic)
What branch of the ANS do cholinergic agents affect and what are their effects??
Primarily Psymp
Miosis
Increased in tear, sweat, and saliva
Decrease in bronchiole smooth m and HR
Muscarine
Direct muscarinic agonist
Pilocarpine
Direct muscarinic agonist
Bethanechol
Direct muscarinic agonist
Nicotine
Direct nicotinic agonist
Varenicline
Direct partial nicotinic agonist
Binds to receptor but does not fully activate it. Thus prevents others from binding.
Anti-smoking drug b/c binds but does not have effects of nicotine