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2 - MODA > Pharmacology of Inflammation > Flashcards

Pharmacology of Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Omalizumab

A

Monoclonal antibody against IgE

Used to treat urticaria and allergic asthma

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2
Q

Sodium cromoglycate

A

Mast cell stabiliser: reduces calcium influx in mast cells preventing degranulation (may inhibit Cl currents required to maintain electric gradients)
Found in eye drops for hayfever but also used in mastocytosis and occasionally asthma

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3
Q

Loratadine

A

H1-receptor antagonist
Third generation anti-histamine: non-drowsy and no cardiac side effects
Used to treat hay fever and urticaria

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4
Q

Proglumide

A

CCK2 receptor antagonist used to inhibit histamine release from ECL cells

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5
Q

Ranitidine

A

H2-receptor antagonist used in the treatment of peptic ulcers

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6
Q

Omeprazole

A

Proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of peptic ulcers

Can be co-administered with NSAIDs to reduce the risk of GI bleeding

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7
Q

Arthrotec

A

Combination of misoprostol (PGE1 analogue) and diclofenac (NSAID) used in chronic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis to prevent peptic ulcer formation

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8
Q

Icatibant

A

Bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of hereditary angioedema

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9
Q

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID: non-selective COX inhibitor used as an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory

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10
Q

Etoricoxib

A

NSAID: selective COX-2 inhibitor reserved for chronic inflammation in patients without substantial cardiovascular risk

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11
Q

Naproxcinod

A

Combination of NSAID and NO

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12
Q

Aspirin

A

NSAID: irreversible inhibitor, weakly COX-1 selective

Used at low doses to decrease the risk of platelet aggregation

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13
Q

Paracetamol

A

Analgesic/antipyretic COX inhibitor

Does not cause anti-inflammatory actions of classical NSAIDs

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14
Q

Ondansetron

A

5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to treat/prevent vomiting

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15
Q

Sumatriptan

A

5-HT1B/D/F agonist used in the treatment of migraine
1B: vasoconstriction
1D/F: inhibits nociceptor activity

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16
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Corticosteroid binds GRα, used as an anti-inflammatory and in immunosuppression

17
Q

Salbutamol

A

β2-receptor agonist: short-acting used to treat acute asthmatic attacks

18
Q

Salmeterol

A

β2-receptor agonist: long-acting used prophylactically in the treatment of asthma

19
Q

Theophylline

A

PDE inhibitor induces bronchodilation/mast cell stabilisation used prophylactically in asthma when standard medication ineffective

20
Q

Zafirlukast

A

CysLT1R antagonist which can induce bronchodilation but less effective salbutamol
Used prophylactically when standard medication ineffective

21
Q

Zileuton

A

5-LO inhibitor can be used prophylactically in treatment of asthma

22
Q

Methotrexate

A

DMARD: DHFR inhibitor used in rheumatoid arthritis

23
Q

Penicillamine

A

DMARD: used in rheumatoid arthritis may act by decreasing IL-1 and collagen synthesis

24
Q

Sodium aurothiomalate

A

DMARD: mechanism largely unknown used in rheumatoid arthritis

25
Q

Etanercept

A

Fusion protein of TNFαR and Fc portion of IgG1 used in rheumatoid arthritis

26
Q

Adalimumab

A

Human anti-TNFα mAb used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

27
Q

Anakinra

A

Recombinant IL-1R antagonist (high affinity that IL-1) used in rheumatoid arthritis

28
Q

Cyclosporin A

A

Immunosuppressive drug: binds cyclophilin
The complex inhibits calcineurin preventing IL-2 upregulation
Used to prevent transplant rejection

29
Q

Tacrolimus

A

Immunosuppressive drug: binds FK-binding protein
Complex inhibits calcineurin, preventing IL-2 upregulation
Used to prevent transplant rejection

30
Q

Basilixumab

A

Immunosuppressive drug: mAb against CD25-α-subunit of IL-2R

31
Q

Azathioprine

A

Immunosuppressive drug: inhibits DNA synthesis in cells lacking a nucleotide scavenger pathway (B/T-cells)

32
Q

Alemtuzumab

A

mAb against CD52 used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma

2 - MODA (8 decks)

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