Pharmacology-- Anti-Neoplastics Flashcards
Cyclosporine
Protects against rejections from organ transplants by dec. t-cell activity through Il-2 inhibition
Does not induce bone marrow suppression
Cyclophosphamide
Alkalating agent of both purine & pyrimadine bases of DNA
Tx: CLL
Cisplatin’s Toxicities
Nephro- and ototoxic
Methotrexate
Antimetabolite of folic acid: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
Leucovorin Rescue
Can block/reduce methotrexate.–readily converted to other reduced folic acid derivatives (e.g., tetrahydrofolate), and, thus, has vitamin activity that is equivalent to that of folic acid.
–does not require the action of dihydrofolate reductase for its conversion, so MTX has no effect on it
Bleomycin toxicities
Pneomonitis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Azathioprine
Use in organ transplant= kidney allografts. Purine analogue, immunosupressant
Inhibits DNA synth enzyme so blocks proliferating cells–> t and b cells dec.
Allopurinol can inc. its activity by inhibiting its biotransformation to xanthine oxidase
MOPP
Chemo regimen in Hodgkins
M=Mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard)
O=oncovin (vincristine)- prevents microtubule assembly
P= procarbazine
P=Prednisone (gluccocorticoid, inducing apoptosis)
Tamoxifen
Blocks estrogen receptor
Tx of breast CA, can see an associated endometrial CA
Flutamide
Antiadrenergic
Use w leuprolide (LH-RH analog)
Tx: prostate CA
Megestrol
Blocks progesterone receptor
Tx: endometrial Ca
Fluoxmesterone
adrenergic steroid
Tx: mammary Ca in postmenopausal women
Methotrexate
Folic acid analog that blocks tetrahydrofolate synthesis by blocking dihydrofolate reductase
Tx: ALL, psoriasis
Brain tumor Tx
Lomustine
Carmustine– causes pulmonary fibrosis
Streptozocin
Attaches to islet beta cells
tx: pancreatic insulinomas
