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PCP > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 Rights of Medication

A 
Person
Time
Medication
Dose
Route
Documentation
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2
Q

percutaneous

A

applied to and absorbed through the skin

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3
Q

enteral

A

absorbed somewhere along the GI tract

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4
Q

parenteral

A

any route of administration that does not cause the drug to be absorbed through the skin, mucous membranes, or GI tract.

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5
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

time required for absorption
duration of action
distribution in the body
method of excretion

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6
Q

chemical name

A

describes the drug’s chemical makeup

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7
Q

generic name

A

general name for the drug

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8
Q

trade name

A

brand name

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9
Q

afferent nerves

A

carry sensory impulses from all parts of the body to the brain

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10
Q

efferent nerves

A

carry messages from the brain to the muscles and all other organs of the body.

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11
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

consists of all nervous tissue outside the brain and spinal cord and is separated into two: somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

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12
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

part of PNS
sends sensory impulses from internal structures (blood vessels, heart, organs) and sends them through afferent nerves to the brain.
divides into sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

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13
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

PNS-ANS
responsible for fight or flight response
key player in the regulation of hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and trauma.

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14
Q

what are the primary chemical messengers of the sympathetic nervous system?

A

norepinephrine and epinephrine

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15
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

PNS-ANS

rest and relaxation and digestion

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16
Q

ROA: topical

A

hours to days

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17
Q

ROA: oral

A

30-90 minutes

18
Q

ROA: rectal

A

5-30 minutes (unpredictable)

19
Q

ROA: SC injection

A

15-30 minutes

20
Q

ROA: IM injection

A

10-20 minutes

21
Q

ROA: SL tablet

A

3-5 minutes

22
Q

ROA: SL spray

A

3 minutes

23
Q

ROA: inhalation

A

3 minutes

24
Q

ROA: IO

A

60 seconds

considered best alternate route if no IV access

25
Q

ROA: IV

A

30-60 seconds

26
Q

analgesics

A

medications that relieve pain

27
Q

anesthetics

A

induce a loss of sensation to touch or pain

28
Q

sympathomimetics

A

stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, by stimulating the adrenal medulla so that it releases norepinephrine and epinephrine

29
Q

alpha-1 receptors

A

produce peripheral vasoconstriction, are associated with mild bronchoconstriction, and speed metabolism.
found in vascular smooth muscle (peripheral blood vessels, bladder neck, prostate)

30
Q

alpha-2 receptors

A

control the release of norepinephrine

found on the pre-synaptic nerve terminals

31
Q

beta-1 receptors

A

increase the HR, cause cardiac muscle to contract, strengthen cardiac contraction, produce automaticity, and trigger cardiac electrical conduction
found in cardiac muscle cell membrane

32
Q

beta-2 receptors

A

stimulate vasodilation and bronchodilation

found in smooth and cardiac muscles

33
Q

chronotropic

A

medications that affect the heart rate

34
Q

inotropic

A

changes in the force of contraction

35
Q

dromotropic

A

alters the velocity of the conduction of electricity through the heart

36
Q

antiarrhythmic meds

A

sodium channel blockers
beta blockers
potassium channel blockers
calcium channel blockers

37
Q

sodium channel blockers

A

slow the conduction through the heart

38
Q

beta blockers

A

reduce the adrenergic stimulation of the beta receptors

39
Q

potassium channel blockers

A

increase the heart’s contractility and work against the reentry of blocked impulses

40
Q

calcium channel blockers

A

block the inflow of calcium into the cardiac cells, thereby decreasing the force of contraction and automaticity.

PCP (10 decks)

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