Pharmacology Flashcards
what is meant by an agonist drug?
binds to and activates receptors to produce a biological response.
what is meant by an antagonist drug?/
blocks the action of agonists from stimulating receptors.
what is meant by pharmacokinetics?
how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized or excreted.
What the body does with the drug.
how do drugs work in the body?
they act by binding to receptors causing either activation or inhabition of a regualr body process to give a biological response.
what is meant by pharmacodynamics?
what the drug does to the body. - physiological effects on the bosy and the mechanisms of the drug action/ the relationship between drug concentration and effect.
why do drugs target receptors?
becuase receptors coordinate the function of all cells in the body. They are chemical messengers.
what would an agonist drug do to a receptrs?
activate the receptor.
what would an antagonist drug do to a receptor
block the receptor.
why do drugs target ion channels?
becuase they are gateways into the cell.
what do blocker drugs do to ion channels?
block the channel.
what do modulator drugs doe to ion channels?
increase or decrease opening probability.
why do drugs target enzymes?
because often the drug molecule is a substrate analogue that acts as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme.
what effect does an inhibitor drug have on enzymes?
normal reaction inhibited.
what effect does a false substrate drug have on enzymes?
abnormal metabolite produced.
what effect does a prodrug have on enzymes?
active drug roduced.
why do drugs target transporters?
because they transport the movement of ions ad small organic molecules across cell memebranes.
what effect do inhibitor drugs have on transporters?
block transport.
what effect do false substrate drugs have on transporters?
abnormal compound accumulated.
with Pharmacokinetics what 2 assumptions need to be made?
- plasma concentration bears a precise relation to the concentration of drug in the immediate environment of its target.
- drug response depends only on the concentration of the drug on the immediate environment of its target.
what type of pain is most likely to bring a pt to the dentist?
acute pain.
what are corticosteriod medications used for?
used for inflammation to relieve discomfort and redness of the mouth.
what are narcotic analgesic medicationd given for?
may be given for severe pain conditions.
what is codeine metabolised by?
CYP2D6
what are the effects of Nitrous oxide?
- tingling sensation
- warm sensation
- feeling of euphoria
- sleepiness