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MSK test two > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the agonist of the skeletal muscle?

A

ACh, nicotine and succinylcholine

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2
Q

What are the antagonist of skeletal muscle?

A

d-tubocurarine, atracurium, vecurominm and pancuronium

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3
Q

What are the antagonist of PNS and CNS?

A

mecamylamine

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4
Q

What are the agents that affect the nerve action potential of a cell?

A

tetrodotoxin and local anesthetics

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5
Q

What does tetrodotoxin do to the body?

A

Will affect the CNS and will selectively block the axonal conduction by blocking voltage gated Na+ channelsq

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6
Q

What are the sx of tetrodotoxin poisoning?

A

Weakness, dizziness, parathesia of the face/extremites, nausea, loss of reflexes and if severe will cause complete paralysis

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7
Q

What do local anesthetics do to the body?

A

neural conduction by inhibiting voltage gated Na+ channels

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8
Q

What drugs affect the vesicular acetylcholine release?

A

botulism and tetanus

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9
Q

What is the affect of botulism?

A

cleaves components of the core SNARE complex involved in exocytosis- preventing the release of ACh

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10
Q

What are the sx of botulism?

A

will have bilateral cranial neuropathies, n/v, no sensory deficits, and dry mouth

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11
Q

What is the MOA in the tetanus toxin?

A

blocks the fusion of vesicles by targeting synaptobrevin- they will bind to presynaptic neurons, travel retroactively and will block inhibitory neurotransmitters from being released to keep the muscles in a constant state of contraction

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12
Q

What are the sx of tetanus toxicity?

A

spastic paralysis wit things like lockjaw, restlessness, sweating, tachycardia, stiff neck and dysphagia

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13
Q

What are the agents that affect depolarization?

A

curare alkaloids and succinylcholine

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14
Q

What is an agonist of the nAChR?

A

activate the receptor to signal as a direct result of binding to it

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15
Q

What is an antagonist of the nAChR?

A

binds to receptor but does not generate a signal

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16
Q

what is the affect of curare alkaloids?

A

ex is d-tubocurarine- it will compete with ACh to bind to nAChR on the motor end plate- Antagonist

17
Q

What does curare alkaloids do to the body?

A

they will result in flaccid paralysis

18
Q

What is the affect of succinylcholine?

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker that binds to the skeletal muscle nAChR and will cause depolarization but continued binding leads to receptor blocking- agonist

19
Q

What does succinylcholine do to the body?

A

transient muscle fasiculations followed by paralysis

20
Q

What is the affect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

A

inhibits acetylcholinesterase and the hydrolysis of ACh

21
Q

What is the affect of dantrolene?

A

inhibits ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and blocks the release of Ca2+

MSK test two (8 decks)

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