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DEMS III > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the half life of GH?

A

25 minutes

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2
Q

What is the route of administration for GH?

A

IM

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3
Q

What are the side effects of GH when misused in athletes?

A

Acromegaly, arthropathy, visceromegaly, extremity enlargement

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4
Q

What is an option if someone is GH insensitive?

A

Recombinant IGF-1

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5
Q

What kinds of patients are candidates from GH replacement therapy?

A

Turner syndrome, Prader-Willi, chronic renal insufficiency, GH-deficient adults, wasted or cachectic AIDS patients, pts with short bowel syndrome dependent on TPN

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6
Q

What are two illicit uses of GH?

A

Athletes and the elderly for anti-aging effects

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action of GHRH?

A

Binds to GPCR Gs to increase GH synthesis

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8
Q

What are the routes of administration of GHRH?

A

IV, intranasal, SC

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9
Q

What are the uses for GHRH?

A

Diagnostic evaluation of pts with idiopathic GH deficiency, potential use in GH-deficient children, HIV patients with lipodystrophy secondary to use of highly active retroviral therapy

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10
Q

What is the mechanism of action of somatostatin?

A

Inhibits GH release via GPCR Gi

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11
Q

What is octreotide?

A

A somatostatin

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12
Q

What are the routes of administration of octreotide?

A

SC or IM

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13
Q

What are the uses for somatostatin?

A

Excess of pituitary GH, control of bleeding from esophageal varices and GI hemorrhage (vasoconstrictor), carcinoid tumors, VIP-secreting tumors, glucagonoma, gastrinoma, symptoms of WDHA syndrome

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14
Q

What are the side effects of somatostatin?

A

Hyperglycemia, abdominal cramps, loose stools, cardiac effects including sinus bradycardia and conduction disturbances

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15
Q

What are the medical treatments for prolactinomas?

A

Bromocriptine and cabergoline - DA receptor agonists, leads to inhibition of prolactin release

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16
Q

What is another name for vasopressin?

A

ADH

17
Q

Renal actions of vasopressin are mediated by which receptors?

A

V2 Rs; Gs

18
Q

Vessel actions of vasopressin are mediated by which receptors?

A

V1 Rs; Gq

19
Q

What are the hypofunction uses for vasopressin?

A

Central DI, nephrogenic DI

20
Q

Which drugs can cause ADH hypofunction (nephrogenic DI)?

A

Lithium adn demeclocyline

21
Q

Which drugs can cause ADH hyperfunction (SIADH)?

A

Psychotropic agents (SSRIs, haloperidol, TCADs), sulfonylureas, vinca alkaloids chemotherapy, MDMA

22
Q

What is the MOA of desmopressin?

A

ADH analog

23
Q

What is the MOA of chlorpropamide?

A

1st generation sulfonylurea; potentiates action of small or residual amounts of ADH.

24
Q

What are the half-lives of vasopressin and desmopressin?

A

Vasopressin: 20 min. Desmopressin: 1.5-2.5 hrs.

25
Q

What is the treatment for nephrogenic DI?

A

Low salt, low protein diet. Thiazide diuretics (paradoxical). NSAIDs.

DEMS III (7 decks)

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