Parathyroid Flashcards
A positive Chvostek’s sign may indicate what?
Hypoparathyroidism
Is Ca-carbonate best absorbed with or without meals?
With meals
Is Ca-citrate best absorbed with or without meals?
Without meals
Brown tumors occur in the setting of what?
Hyperparathyroidism
What percentage of primary hyperparathyroidism cases are familial and what percentage are sporadic?
90% sporadic, 10% familial
What gene is associated with MEN I?
menin gene
What gene is associated with MEN IIA?
ret gene
What are the pathological results of MEN I?
Pituitary tumors, parathyroid hyperplasia, and pancreatic islet tumors
What are the pathological results of MEN IIA?
Pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and parathyroid hyperplasia
What is the MOA of cinacalcet?
Calicimimetic drug. Binds to receptor to induce negative feedback to suppress release of PTH.
What are three states that induce secondary hyperparathyroidism?
Low serum Ca, high serum phosphorus, or low VitD
What is the pathophysiology of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia?
Inactivating mutations of the calcium sensor receptor so that parathyroid glands do not sense calcium, therefore they secrete PTH. Renal tubular cells do not sense Ca, so they retain more calcium and excrete very little.
How do you calculate the corrected serum total calcium?
Add 0.8 mg/dL to total Ca for every 1g/L albumin is
What is Chvostek’s sign?
Tap on facial nerve and corner of mouth winks us
What is Trousseau’s sign and what might it indicate?
Acute hypocalcemia. Carpopedal spasm when you pump up BP cuff.
