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pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

acetominophen tx

A

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

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2
Q

AChE inhibitor tx

A

atropine > pralidoxime

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3
Q

organophosphates tx

A

atropine > pralidoxime

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4
Q

Amphetamines tx

A

NH4Cl (acidifies urine)

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5
Q

antimuscarinics tx

A

physostigmine salicylate and control hyperthermia

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6
Q

anticholinergic agents tx

A

physostigmine salicylate and control hyperthermia

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7
Q

benzodiazepines tx

A

flumazenil

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8
Q

beta-blockers tx

A

glucagon

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9
Q

carbon monoxide tx

A

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

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10
Q

Copper tx

A

penicillamine

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11
Q

Arsenic tx

A

penicillamine
dimercaprol (BAL)
succimer

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12
Q

gold tx

A

penicillamine
dimercaprol (BAL)
succimer

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13
Q

cyanide tx

A

nitrite + thiosulfate

hydroxocobalamin

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14
Q

digitalis (digoxin) tx

A

anti-dig Fab fragments

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15
Q

heparin tx

A

protamine sulfate

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16
Q

iron tx

A

deferoxamine

deferasirox

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17
Q

lead tx

A

EDTA
dimercaprol
succimer
penicillamine

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18
Q

mercury tx

A

dimercaprol (BAL)

succimer

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19
Q

methanol tx

A

fomepizole > ethanol

dialysis

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20
Q

ethylene glycol tx

A

fomepizole > ethanol

dialysis

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21
Q

methemoglobin tx

A

methylene blue

vitamin C

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22
Q

opioid tx

A

naloxone

naltrexone

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23
Q

salicylates tx

A

NaHCO3 - alkalinizes urine

dialysis

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24
Q

TCAs

A

NaHCO3 - alkalinizes plasma

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25
tPA tx
aminocaproic acid
26
streptokinase tx
aminocaproic acid
27
urokinase tx
aminocaproic acid
28
warfarin tx
``` vitamin K (takes a while though) fresh frozen plasma for immediate effect ```
29
causes coronary vasospasm
cocaine sumatriptan ergot alkaloids
30
causes cutaneous flushing
vancomyocin adenosine niacin Ca channel blockers
31
causes dialted cardiomyopathy
anthracyclines - doxorubicin, daunorubicin prevent with dexrazoxane
32
causes torsades de pointes
class III and IA antiarrythmics macrolide antibiotics antipsychotics TCAs
33
causes of adrenocortical insufficiency
HPA suppression secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawl
34
causes of hot flashes
tamoxifen | clomiphene
35
causes of hyperglycemia
Taking Pills Necessitates Having blood Checked ``` Tacrolimus Protease inhibitors Niacin HCTZ Corticosteroids ```
36
causes of acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
erythromycin
37
causes of diarrhea
Might Excite Colon On Accident ``` Metformin Erythromycin Cohchicine Orlistat Acarbose ```
38
causes of focal to massive hepatic necrosis
liver "HAVAc" Halothane Amanita phalloides (death cap mushrooms) Valproic acid Acetominophen
39
causes of hepatitis
``` Rifampin isoniazid pyrazinamide statins fibrates ```
40
causes of pancreatitis
Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress ``` Didanosine Corticosteroids Alcohol Valproic acid Azathioprine Diuretics (HCTZ and furosemide) ```
41
drugs causing pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin ampicillin cephalosporins
42
drugs causing agranulocytosis
Gangs CCCrush Myeloblasts and Promyelocytes ``` Ganciclovir Clozapine Carbamazepine Colchicine Methimazole Propylthiouracil ```
43
drugs causing aplastic anemia
Can't Make New Blood Cells Properly ``` Carbamazepine Methimazole NSAIDS Benzene Chloramphenicol Propylthiouracil ```
44
drugs causing direct coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
methyldopa | penicillin
45
drugs causing gray baby syndrome
chloramphenicol
46
drugs causing hemolysis in G6PD
hemolysis IS D PAIN ``` Isoniazid Sulfonamides Dapsone Primaquine Aspirin Ibuprofen Nitrofurantoin ```
47
drugs causing megaloblastic anemia
PMS Phenytoin Methotrexate Sulfa drugs
48
drugs causing thrombocytopenia
heparin
49
drugs causing thrombotic complications
OCPs | HRT
50
drugs causing fat redistribution
Fat PiG Protease Inhibitors Glucocorticoids
51
drugs causing gingival hyperplasia
Phenytoin Ca channel blockers cyclosporine
52
drugs causing gout
Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care ``` Pyrazinamide Thiazides Furosemide Niacin Cyclosporine ```
53
drugs causing myopathy
``` Fibrates Niacin colchicine hydroxychloroquine interferon alpha penicillamine statins glucocorticoids ```
54
drugs causing osteoporosis
corticosteroids | heparin
55
drugs causing photosensitivity
SAT For photo Sulfonamides Amiodarone Tetracyclines 5-FU
56
drugs causing Rash (SJS)
anti-epileptics, esp lamotrigine allopurinol sulfa drugs penicillin
57
drugs causing SLE-like syndrome
SHIPP-E ``` Sulfa drugs Hydralazine Isoniazid Procainamide Phenytoin Etanercept ```
58
drugs causing teeth discoloration
tetracyclines
59
drugs causing tendon and cartilage problems
fluoroquinolones
60
drugs causing cinchonism
quinidine | quinine
61
drugs causing PD like syndrome
ARM antipsychotics reserpine metoclopramide
62
drugs causing seizures
I BiTE my tongue Isoniazid (because causes vit B6 deficiency) Bupropion Imipenem/cilastatin enflurane
63
drugs causing tardive dyskinesia
antipsychotics | metoclopramide
64
drugs causing DI
lithium | demeclocycline
65
drugs causing fanconi syndrome
expired tetracycline
66
drugs causing hemorrhagic cystitis
cyclophosphamide ifosfamide prevent with mesna
67
drugs causing interstitial nephritis
methicillin NSAIDS furosemide
68
drugs causing SIADH
Can't Concentrate Serum Sodium Carbamazepine Cyclophosphamide SSRIs
69
drugs that cause dry cough
ACE Inhibitors
70
drugs that cause pulmonary fibrosis
Breathing Air Badly from Medications Bleomycin Amiodarone Busulfan Methotrexate
71
Cytochrome P450 inducers
Chronic alcoholics Steal Phen-Phen and Never Refuse Greasy Carbs ``` Chronic alcholism St. Johns Wort Phenytoin Phenobarbitol Nevirapine Rifampin Griseofulvin Carbamazepine ```
72
Cytochrome P450 Substrates
Always Think When Outdoors Anti-epileptics Theophylline Warfarin OCPs
73
Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors
AAA RACKS IN GQ Magazine ``` Acute Alcohol Abuse Ritonavir Amiodarone Cimetidine Ketoconazole Sulfonamides Isoniazid (INh) Grapefruit juice Quinidine Macrolides (except azithromycin) ```
74
Sulfa drugs
Popular FACTSSS ``` Probenecid Furosemide Acetazolamide Celecoxib Thiazides Sulfonamide ABXs Sulfasalazine Sulfonylureas ```
75
-azole
ergosterol synthesis inhibitors
76
-bendazole
anti-parasitic/antihelminthic
77
-cillin
peptidoglycan synthase inhibitor
78
-cycline
protein synthesis inhibitor
79
-ivir
neuraminidase inhibitor
80
-navir
protease inhibitor
81
-ovir
DNA polymerase inhibitor
82
-thromycin
macrolide ABX
83
-ane
inhalational general anesthetic
84
-azine
typical antipsychotic
85
-barbital
barbituate
86
-caine
local anesthetic
87
-etine
SSRI
88
-ipramine
TCA
89
-triptyline
TCA
90
-triptan
5-HT 1B/1D agonist
91
-zepam
benzodiazepine
92
-zolam
benzodiazepine
93
-chol
cholinergic agonist
94
-curium
nondepolarizing paralytic
95
-curonium
nondepolarizing paralytic
96
-olol
Beta blocker
97
-stigmine
AChE inhibitor
98
-terol
beta2 agonist
99
-zosin
alpha1 antagonist
100
-afil
BDE-5 inhibitor
101
-dipine
Dihydropyridine CCB
102
-pril
ACE-I
103
-sartan
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
104
-statin
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
105
-dronate
bisphosphonate
106
-glitazone
PPAR-gamma activator
107
-prazole
proton pump inhibitor
108
-prost
prostaglandin analog
109
-tidine
H2 antagonist
110
-tropin
pituitary hormone
111
-ximab
chimeric monoclonal Ab
112
-zumab
humanized monoclonal Ab
113
prophylaxis for pts with high risk for endocarditis and undergoing dental procedures
amoxicillin
114
prophylaxis for exposure to gonorrhea
ceftriaxone
115
prophylaxis for hx of recurrent UTIs
TMP/SMX
116
prophylaxis for exposure to meningococcal infections
ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, or rifampin
117
prophylaxis for pregnant women with Group B strep
Penicillin G
118
prophylaxis for gonococcal conjunctivitis in newborn
erythromycin ointment
119
prophylaxis for postsurgial s. aureus infection
cefazolin
120
prophylaxis for strep pharyngitis in child with prior rheumatic fever
benzathine penicillin G or oral penicillin V
121
prophylaxis for syphilis exposure
benzathane penicillin G
122
asplenic patient
encapsulated microbes, especially SHiN
123
branching rods in oral infection
actinomyces israelii
124
sulfur granules in oral infection
actinomyces israelii
125
chronic granulomatous disease
catalase positive microbes, esp. s. aureus
126
currant jelly sputum
klebsiella
127
dog or cat bite
pasteurella
128
facial nerve palsy
borrelia burgdorferi (lyme)
129
fungal infection in diabetic or IC pt
mucor or rhizopus spp
130
health care provider
HBV from needlestick
131
neutropenic patients
candida albicans (systemic), aspergillis
132
organ transplant pts
CMV
133
PAS +
thropheryma whipplei (whipple disease)
134
pediatric infections
H influenzae, inc. epiglottitis
135
pneumonia in CF
pseudomonas aeruginosa
136
burn infection
pseudomonas aeruginosa
137
pus, emyema, abcess
staph aureus
138
rash on hands and feet
coxsackie A treponema pallidum rickettsia rickettsii
139
sepsis/meningitis in newborn
group B strep
140
surgical wound
s. aureus
141
traumatic open wound
c. perfringens
142
MRSA tx
``` vancomycin daptomycin linezolid tigercycline ceftaroline ```
143
VRE tx
linezolid and steroptogramins (quinupristin, dalfopristin)
144
MDR P aeruginosa
polymyxins B and E (colistin)
145
MDR acinetobacter baumannii
polymyxins B and E (colistin)

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