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Paramedic > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

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1
Q

4 Types of Drug Names

A

Chemical Name
Generic Name
Trade Name/Brand Name
Official Name

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2
Q

5 Drug Sources

A 
Plants
Animals
Minerals
Microorganisms
Synthetic
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3
Q

Dose

A

The amount of a drug to be administered

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4
Q

Dosage

A

Size, Number and Frequency of a drug to be administered.

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5
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

How medication enter the body, how they reach the site of action and how they become eliminated.

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6
Q

Types of Drug Routes

A

Enteral

Perenteral

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7
Q

Enteral Drug Routes

A

Through the G.I. Track. Can be administered orally, rectally, oral gastric, nasal gastric, sublingually and bucally.

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8
Q

Parenteral Drug Routes

A

Intravenous, Intramuscular, Intradermal, Intracardiac, Intraosseous, Subcutaneous, Umbilically, Transdermally, Endotracheal, Inhalation and Sublingual Injection.

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9
Q

3 Kinds of Transport

A

Active Transport, Passive Transport and Facilitated Transport

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10
Q

Facilitated Transport

A

Uses helper proteins to complete carrier mediated diffusion.

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11
Q

Factors that affect medication absorption

A

solubility, concentration, pH, surface area, site of administration blood supply and bioavailability.

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12
Q

2 Physiological barriers

A

Blood brain barrier

Placenta barrier

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13
Q

Half Life

A

How long it takes for half of a drug to be eliminated from the body.

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14
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

The mechanism by which drugs act to produce physiological changes.

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15
Q

Passive Transport

A

osmosis, diffusion and filtration

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16
Q

Active Transport

A

Uses ATP to complete transport.

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17
Q

Affinity

A

A drug is drawn to a receptor site.

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18
Q

Efficacy

A

A drug can bind a receptor and cause an action or effect.

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19
Q

Agonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor causing the intended reaction of that receptor.

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20
Q

Partial Agonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor and causes part of that receptors intended reaction.

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21
Q

Inverse Agonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor and causes an opposite reaction from what the receptor is intended for.

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22
Q

Competitive Antagonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor and competes with an agonist to displace it.

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23
Q

Antagonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor and causes NO effect.

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24
Q

Antagonist/Agonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor and blocks only a portion of the intended reaction.
Ex. Blocks A and causes B to have intended reaction.

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25
Q

Non-competitive Antagonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor and displaces any agonist that is present.

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26
Q

Partial Antagonist

A

A drug that binds a receptor and blocks some of the intended response but not all of it.

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27
Q

Factors affecting a drugs response in the body

A 
Age
Body mass
Gender
Environment 
Time
Genetic Information
Physiological
28
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System Receptors

A

Adrenergic

29
Q

Types of Adrenergic Receptors

A

Alpha, Beta and Dominergic

30
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System Receptors

A

Cholinergic

31
Q

Types of Cholinergic Receptors

A

Nicotinic and Muscarinic

32
Q

Positive Inotrope

A

Increased Contractility

33
Q

Negative Inotrope

A

Decreased Contractility

34
Q

Positive Chronotrope

A

Increased Heart Rate

35
Q

Negative Chronotrope

A

Decreased Heart Rate

36
Q

Alpha 1 Receptors

A

Peripheral Vasoconstriction
Positive Inotrope
Negative Chronotrope
Bronchoconstriction

37
Q

Alpha 2 Receptors

A

Peripheral Vasodilation by limiting norepinephrine release.

38
Q

Beta 1 Receptors

A

Positive Inotrope
Positive Chronotrope
Positive Dromotrope

39
Q

Beta 2 Receptors

A

Peripheral Vasodilation
Bronchodilation
Uterine and smooth muscle relaxer
G.I. smooth muscle relaxer

40
Q

Beta 3 Receptors

A

Increased lipolysis

Increased thermogenesis

41
Q

Dopaminergic Receptors

A

Renal Artery dilation
Mesenteric Artery dilation
Cerebral Dilation
Coronary Dilation

42
Q

Schedule I Drugs

A

Drugs that have no medical use and are highly addictive.

43
Q

Schedule II Drugs

A

Drugs that have medical uses but are highly addictive.

44
Q

Schedule IIN Drugs

A

Non-Narcotic drugs with medical uses that are highly addictive.

45
Q

Schedule III Drugs

A

Narcotics in combination with other drugs.

46
Q

Phase I in new medication development

A

Pharmacokinetics

47
Q

Phase II in new medication development

A

Therapeutic determination of the drug

48
Q

Phase III in new medication development

A

Data collection about the drugs reactions, side effects, adverse reaction and benefits.

49
Q

Phase IV in new medication development

A

Post marketing

50
Q

Types of liquid medications

A 
Solutions
Tinctures
Suspensions
Emulsions
Spirits
Syrups
Elixirs
51
Q

Types of solid medications

A 
Pills
Powders
Tablets
Suppository
Capsule
52
Q

Types of topical medications

A 
Lotions
Ointment
Liniments
Paste
Plasters
Creams
53
Q

Types of aerosols

A

Nebulizers

Nitro-spray

54
Q

Tachyphylaxis

A

Immediate tolerance for a drug

55
Q

Summation

A

Two drugs combined have doubled the response.

56
Q

Synergism

A

Two drugs combined have more than a doubled response.

57
Q

Idiosyncrasy

A

A drug reaction unique to a single person.

58
Q

Components of a drug card

A 
Drug Name
Classification
Mechanism
Indications
Contraindications
Side Effects
Adverse Reactions
Dose/Dosage
Special Considerations
59
Q

USP

A

United States Pharmacopeia

60
Q

NF

A

National Formulary

61
Q

Biotransformation

A

Series of modifications made by an organism on a chemical compound.

62
Q

Muscarinic Receptors

A

Promotes parasympathetic nervous system responses.

63
Q

V-1 Peripheral Receptors

A

V-1

V-2

64
Q

V-1 Receptors

A

Vasoconstriction

65
Q

V-2 Receptors

A

Permeability and reabsorption in the tubules of the kidney.

Paramedic (6 decks)

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