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vt8 final review > pharmacology > Flashcards

pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

aqueous solution

A

a drug form

liquid preparation of one or more substances dissolved in water does not settle if left standing

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2
Q

aqueous suspension

A

a liquid preparation of a substance dispersed in water(not dissolved) must be shaken vigorously

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3
Q

ticture

A

an alcohol solution (alcohol based)

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4
Q

emulsion

A

fine droplets of oil in water or water in oil must be shaken vigorously

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5
Q

syrup

A

viscous sugar solution used as a flavor vehicle for drugs does not settle if left standing

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6
Q

drope

A

viscous solution paranteral administration

does not settle

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7
Q

capsule

A

solid

gelatin shell holding a powdered or liquid form of drug

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8
Q

tablet

A

drug mixed with an inert binder and molded or compressed into a hard mass

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9
Q

powder

A

aggregation of particles obtained by grinding or crushing

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10
Q

supository

A

easily melted mass of drug administered via the rectum or vagina

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11
Q

ointment

A

topical

drug suspended in semi solid lipid based preparation thar melts at body temp

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12
Q

cream

A

drug suspended in semii solid water oil emulsion

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13
Q

spray

A

aqueous solution derived via mist

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14
Q

gel

A

drug suspended in semi solid or jelly like substance

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15
Q

aerosal

A

drug suspended in solvent and packaged under pressure

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16
Q

pharmokinetics

A

movement of drugs throught he body includes

absorption, distribution, metabolism, amd excretion

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17
Q

biotransformation

A

a biochemical change or breakdown of a drug “metabolism”

most takes place in liver ,often makes drugs water soluble

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18
Q

fat soluble

A

dissolves in lipids ,stored in tissues, can lead to toxicity or overdose, common excretion;bile

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19
Q

water soluble

A

dissolves in water
quick metabolism and excretion
common excretion method: urine

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20
Q

excretion

A

elimination of drug from body

urine, feces, ventilation, sweat, mammary glands

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21
Q

distribution

A

transfer of absorbed drug to distant sites of the body

affected by: protein binding, physical and chemical barriers, blood supply to area

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22
Q

absorption

A

plasma level of drug is measured
barriers to absorption
blood brain, blood mammary, blood intestine, blood aqueous, blood placental

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23
Q

passive diffusion

A

movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

24
Q

facilitated diffusion

A

passive diffusion that utilizes carrier proteins

25
Q

active transport

A

movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concntration

26
Q

pinocytosis/phagocytosis

A

formation of invaginations by the cell membrane which close and break off to form fluid filled vacuoles in the cytoplasm

27
Q

pharmodynamics

A

how drugs exert effects

28
Q

agonist

A

attaches to receptor and produces an effect

29
Q

antagonist

A

attaches to a receptor preventing other molecules from attaching Blocks

30
Q

synergist

A

enhances a drug action

31
Q

OTC (over the counter)

A

may be purchased without prescription

32
Q

prescription drugs

A

regulated by FDA need prescription

33
Q

controled substance

A

drugs considered dangerous because of potential for abuse/misuse by humans

34
Q

C1 -c5

A

1 most abused 5 least

35
Q

prescription label include

A 
dvm name addres phone # and license number
clients name and address 
name and specifics of patient
name and strength of drug quantity dispensed
instructions 
number of refills 
date written 
cautionary statements 
DVMs DEA number if controlled
36
Q

dipensing

A

must have a VCPR

37
Q

ou

A

both eyes

38
Q

od

A

right eye

39
Q

os

A

left eye

40
Q

au

A

both ears

41
Q

ad

A

right eye

42
Q

os

A

left eye

43
Q

compounding medications

A

specialized drug products are compounded to fill an individual patients needs

44
Q

compounded meds purpose

A

prescribing a discontinued drug, tailoring doses/strengths, creating alternate dose forms
adding flavors,combining multipl drugs to create custom formulations

45
Q

generic name

A

meloxicam

46
Q

brand name

A

Metacam

47
Q

oral administration

A

longer duration of action,longer duration of effect

48
Q

topical administration

A

fast onset

49
Q

injection

A

sc(sq), im, iv, io, ip, id

50
Q

sc

A

slower absorption

51
Q

iv

A

most rapid absorption

52
Q

io

A

quick onset

53
Q

ip

A

common in rodents

54
Q

intradermal injection

A

used in allergy testing

55
Q

epidural

A

diagnostic procedures

vt8 final review (7 decks)

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