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Nursing Science 2 - EXAM 2 > Pharmacology 2 > Flashcards

Pharmacology 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 2 types of cholinergic receptors

A
  • Nicotinic

- Muscarinic

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2
Q

State the main locations for nicotinic receptors

A
  • Smooth muscle
  • Cardiac muscle and glands
  • Sweat glands
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Blood vessels
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3
Q

State the main locations for muscarinic receptors

A
  • Cells of adrenal nerves

- Neuromuscular end plates of skeletal muscles

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4
Q

Name the neurotransmitter that is affiliated with cholinergic receptors

A

Acetylcholine binds with BOTH Nicotinic and Muscarinic receptors

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5
Q

State the section of the ANS (autonomic nervous system) that would be affected by medications that either stimulate or inhibit cholinergic receptors?

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System

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6
Q

Describe the effect of administering an agonist medication on cholinergic receptors

A

Stimulate the parasympathetic response

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7
Q

Describe the effect of administering an antagonist medication on cholinergic receptors

A

Block the parasympathetic response

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8
Q

Name the 4 adrenergic receptors

A
  1. Alpha 1
  2. Alpha 2
  3. Beta 1
  4. Beta 2
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9
Q

State the main locations for Alpha 1 receptors

A
  • Vascular smooth muscle (blood vessels)
  • Pupils
  • Heart
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10
Q

State the main locations for alpha 2 receptors

A
  • Smooth muscle
  • Platelets
  • Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals
  • Cholinergic nerve terminals
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11
Q

State the main location for Beta 1 receptors

A

Heart

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12
Q

State the main locations for Beta 2 receptors

A
  • Bronchial smooth muscle
  • Heart
  • Uterus
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13
Q

Name the 2 hormones that will activate adrenergic receptors

A

Adrenaline and Noradrenaline

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14
Q

What section of the ANS would be affected by medications that either stimulate or inhibit adrenergic receptors?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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15
Q

Describe the effect of administering an agonist medication on adrenergic receptors

A

Mimic sympathetic stimulation therefore producing the same effects of sympathetic stimulation

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16
Q

Describe the effect of administering an antagonist medication on adrenergic receptors

A
  • Binds to receptors and blocks them, preventing the hormone (or neurotransmitter) from exerting an effect
17
Q

What are the 2 sections of the Autonomic Nervous System?

A
  • Sympathetic Nervous System

- Parasympathetic Nervous System

18
Q

What does the Sympathetic nervous system promote?

A

Promotes flight or fight response

19
Q

What does the parasympathetic nervous system promote?

A

Promotes rest & digest response

20
Q

What does ANtagonist mean?

A

Substance that binds to and blocks a receptor thereby preventing a natural neurotransmitter or hormone form having an effect.

21
Q

What does AGonist mean?

A

Substance that binds to and activates a receptor (mimicking the effect of a natural neurotransmitter or hormone)

22
Q

What are Sympathomimetic drugs?

A

Mimic the effects of stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system e.g. adrenaline and noradrenaline

23
Q

What are Sympatholytic drugs?

A

Compete at receptor sites to inhibit adrenergic sympathetic stimulation e.g. beta blockers

24
Q

What do adrenergic drugs produce?

A
  • Produce effects similar to those produced by the sympathetic nervous system
  • The effect produced by the drug depends on the type of receptor activated and by the number of affected receptors in the tissue
25
Q

State the specific effects Adrenaline has on Adrenoceptor agonist receptor

A
  • Increased cardiac contractility
  • Increased heart rate
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Bronchodilation
26
Q

State the specific effects Noradrenaline has on Adrenoceptor agonist receptor

A

Increased blood pressure

27
Q

What does the Parasympathetic Nervous system response acronym of SLUDD mean?

A 
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Digestion
Defecation
28
Q

What four body responses does the Parasympathetic nervous system decrease?

A
  • Heart rate
  • Airway diameter
  • Pupil diameter
  • Blood pressure
29
Q

What 5 body responses does the sympathetic nervous system increase?

A
  • Heart rate
  • Blood pressure
  • Blood flow to cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, liver & adipose tissue (to stimulate glycogenolysis & lipolysis)
  • Blood glucose levels
  • Increase secretion of adrenaline by the adrenal medulla
30
Q

What does the airway diameter, GI motility and pupils do under both PARASYMPATHETIC and SYMPATHETIC nervous control

A

Airway diameter -
bronchodilation under sympathetic and bronchoconstriction under Parasympathetic

GI motility -
Decreases under sympathetic and increases under parasympathetic

Pupils -
Dilate under sympathetic, constrict under parasympathetic

Nursing Science 2 - EXAM 2 (7 decks)

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