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MCO201A > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

addiction

A

physical and psychological dependence on craving for a drug and presence of clearly unpleasant effects when drug or other agent is stopped

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2
Q

additive action

A

combination of two similar drugs equal to sum effects of each

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3
Q

aerosols

A

administered by inhalation

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4
Q

anaphylaxis

A

acute hypersensitivity w/ asthma and shock (type of idiosyncratic reaction)

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5
Q

antagonistic

A

two drugs give less than an additive effect

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6
Q

brand name

A

trademark private property of individual drug manufacturer and no competitor may use it.

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7
Q

chemical name

A

exact chemical makeup of the drug

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8
Q

chemotherapy

A

study of drugs that destroy microorganisms, parasites or malignant cells within the body.

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9
Q

contraindications

A

factors in a patient’s condition that make the use of a particular drug dangerous and ill advised

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10
Q

controlled substances

A

drugs; opiods/narcotics; produce dependence and have potential for abuse or addiction

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11
Q

dose

A

amount of drug administered, milligrams/grams

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12
Q

drug resistance

A

loss of effectiveness of a drug

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13
Q

FDA

A

legal responsibility for deciding if drug may be distributed and sold

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14
Q

generic name

A

shorter/less complicated, identifies drug legally and scientifically

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15
Q

hospital formulary

A

give info about characteristics of drugs and clinical usage approved by particular hospital

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16
Q

iatrogenic

A

(produced by treatment) mistakes in drug use or b/c individual sensitivity to a given agent

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17
Q

idiosyncrasy

A

unpredictable type of drug toxicity

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18
Q

inhalation

A

vapors/gases take in through nose and mouth absorbed into bloodstream

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19
Q

intracavitary instillation

A

injection into body cavity

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20
Q

intradermal injection

A

shallow injection made into upper layers of the skin chiefly used in skin testing for allergic reactions.

21
Q

intramuscular injection (IM)

A

buttock or upper arm site for injection into muscle

22
Q

intrathecal instillation

A

instillation into the space under the membranes surrounding the spinal cord and brain

23
Q

intravenous injection (IV)

A

injection given directly into the vein

24
Q

medicinal chemistry

A

study of new drug synthesis and the relationship between chemical sturcture and biologic effects

25
Q

molecular pharmacology

A

the interaction of drugs and subcellular entities, DNA RNA and enzymes.

26
Q

oral administration

A

drugs given by mouth

27
Q

parenteral administration

A

injection of drug from a syringe through hollow needle placed under skin into muscle, vein or body cavity

28
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

Study of drugs effects on target in body

29
Q

pharmacologist

A

MD/PHD specializes in study of medicines

30
Q

pharmacology

A

study of discovery, properties, and uses of drugs

31
Q

receptor

A

drug produces its effect by interacting with a specific target

32
Q

rectal administration

A

suppositories and aqueous solutions inserted into the rectum

33
Q

response

A

desired beneficial effect of a drug

34
Q

schedule

A

timing and frequency of drug administration

35
Q

side effects

A

unpleasant effects that routinely result from the use of a drug

36
Q

subcutaneous (hypodermic) injection (subQ)

A

small hypodermic needle introduced into subcutaneous tissue under the skin usually on upper arm, thigh, abdomen. insulin usually done this route

37
Q

sublingual administration

A

drugs placed under the tongue dissolve in saliva

38
Q

synergistic

A

two drugs produce greater than additive effects

39
Q

tolerance

A

effects of a given dose diminish as treatment continues

40
Q

topical application

A

drugs applied locally on skin or mucous membranes of the body; antispetics (against infection) and antipruritics (against itching) commonly used as ointments, creams and lotions

41
Q

toxicology

A

study of the harmful effects of drugs and chemicals on the body

42
Q

transdermal patches

A

used to deliver drugs continuously through skin

43
Q

United States Pharmacopeia USP

A

reviews available commercial drugs and reappraises effectiveness in specific medical conditions

44
Q

dependence

A

physiologic need for a drug with prolonged use

45
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion over a period of time

46
Q

resistance

A

lack of beneficial response; seen when drugs are unable to control the disease process.

47
Q

toxicity

A

harmful effects of a drug

48
Q

transport

A

movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells

49
Q

vitamin

A

substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good health.

MCO201A (19 decks)

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