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ATI Capstone tips > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Common Antiemetic Serotonin Antagonist names and end

A

Dolasetron
Ondansetron
Tropisetron

TRON

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2
Q

Common Antiemetic Dopamine Antagonist names and end

A

Promethazine
Prochlorperazie

AZINE

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3
Q

Common antihistamines

A

Diphenhydramine
Dimenhydrinate
Meclizine

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4
Q

Antihistamine MOA

A

H1 Receptor antagonists

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5
Q

PPI
Proton pump inhibitors

A

Stop acid at the pump

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6
Q

PPI names and ending

A

Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
Pantoprazole
ZOLE

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7
Q

PPI long term use causes what deficiency

A

B12

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8
Q

ED meds moa

A

Increase nitric oxide which opens penis blood vessels

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9
Q

ED med side efects

A

headache
flushing
blurred vision
back pain

due to vessel dilation

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10
Q

ED meds are contraindicated in people who have

A

Blood vessel problems
Heart problems
BP problems

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11
Q

Iron supplements can cause _ of skin and teeth

A

STAINING

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12
Q

Iron and Vit C

A

AVOID

IroniC

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13
Q

Iron and food

A

1hr before unless GI upset

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14
Q

Iron and stool

A

Dark green or black

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15
Q

Iron rich foods

A

Liver
Egg yolk
Muscle meat
Yeast

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16
Q

Statins treat

A

Hypercholesterolemia

prevent coronary events
MIs
Strokes

increases HDL

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17
Q

LDL is _
HDL is_

A

BAD
Good

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18
Q

you want Ldl to be _ and Hdl to be _

A

LOW
HIGH

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19
Q

Statin meds

A

Atorvastatin
Simvastatin
Pravastatin

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20
Q

ALL statins like
Lovastatin (Mevacor) due damage to

A

Liver and Muscles

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21
Q

How often to monitor liver on statins

A

q12w then q6m

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22
Q

Statins hit the liver to avoid

A

ALCOHOL

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23
Q

Neuropathy and Myopathy and Statins

A

breakdown

will feel weakness, pain, tingling, tenderness

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24
Q

H of heparin

A

Heparin sodium prevents fibrin
given IV or SQ

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25
Q

E of heparin

A

Enoxaparin

low-molecular weight heparin, given SQ

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26
Q

P of heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

antidote

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27
Q

A of heparin

A

administer to prevent clot formation

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28
Q

R of heparin

A

Risk for bleeding

gum bleeds, bruises, hematuria, petechia

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29
Q

I of heparin

A

Instruct client to avoid

Corticosteroids, Salicylates, NSAIDs, green leafy veg

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30
Q

N of heparin

A

Normal aPTT is 20-36 seconds
therapeutic level is 1.5 to 2 times that, so 60 to 80 seconds

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31
Q

C of coumadin

A

Coagulation interference via antagonizing K

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32
Q

O of coumadin

A

Oral administration

33
Q

U of coumadin

A

Use contraindicated in clients with low platelets or uncontrolled bleeding

34
Q

M of Coumadin

A

Mephyton aka Vit K, antidote

35
Q

A of coumadin

A

Avoid Vit K

Avoid these meds
Acetaminophen, glucocorticoids, aspirin

36
Q

D of coumadin

A

Doses are once Daily

37
Q

I of coumadin

A

INR and PT monitor
PT should be 1.5 to 2 times control
INR should be 2-3 times control

38
Q

N of coumadin

A

NO for pregos
Heparin OK

39
Q

Heparin and Coumadin and Anticoagulants not

A

Antiplatelet

40
Q

Antiplatelet meds
CAP

A

Clopidogrel
Aspirin
Pentoxifylline

41
Q

Antiplatelet prevent

By

A

MIs and Stroke

preventing platelet clumping

42
Q

For anticoagulants and antiplatelet watch for

take with

A

BLEEDING

FOOD

43
Q

Anticoagulant and antiplatelet meds should not be taken if pt has what problems

A

Peptic ulcers - bleed
Renal/hepatic problems - cant process

44
Q

Most common S/S of hemorrhage

A

Weakness
Dizziness
Headache

45
Q

S/S of bleeding precaution

A

Coffee ground emesis
Tarry stool
Bruising
petechiae
bleeding gums

46
Q

What med enhances bleeding

A

NSAIDs

47
Q

Corticosteroids increase _ effects

A

Aspirin

AVOID together

48
Q

After thrombolytic therapy give

A

Beta Blockers
this decreases myocardial oxygen consumption

49
Q

Echinacea treats

A

Common cold

50
Q

Echinacea messes with what meds

A

TB
HIV
Cancer

51
Q

Ginger root treats

A

Nausea
Motion sickness
RA

52
Q

Ginger root messes with

A

Platelets

Pregnancy

53
Q

Ginkgo Biloba use

A

vasodilation
mental processes

Dementia and Alzheimer’s

54
Q

Ginkgo biloba messes with what meds

A

antihistamines
antidepressants
antipsychotics

coagulation

55
Q

Valerian use

A

Increases GABA
Insomnia

56
Q

Valerian side effects

A

Depression
Not for pregos

57
Q

We’ll CLIMB TO THE PEAK starting FAST and ending SLOW

A

for insulin

58
Q

Fastest insulin

onset
peak
duration

A

Lispro

15m
30m to 1h
3 to 4h

59
Q

Fast insulin

onset
peak
duration

A

Regular

30m to 1h
2 to 3h
5 to 7h

60
Q

Intermediate insulin

onset
peak
duration

A

NPH insulin

1 to 2h
4 to 12h
18 to 24h

61
Q

Long acting insulin

onset
peak
duratin

A

Glargine
1h
NONE
10 to 24h

62
Q

Metoclopramide pyramidal symptoms

A

spasms
twitching
restless ness

63
Q

Metoclopramide slows

A

gastric motility

64
Q

Beta 2 receptors

A

causes smooth muscle relaxation, which may result in peripheral vasodilation with subsequent hypotension and reflex tachycardia. Stimulation of beta-2 receptors in the lungs causes bronchodilation, the desired clinical effect.

65
Q

Beta blockers

A

Beta blockers work mainly by slowing down the heart. They do this by blocking the action of hormones like adrenaline. Beta blockers usually come as tablets.

66
Q

Beta blocker side effects

A

feeling tired, dizzy or lightheaded, cold fingers or toes

67
Q

Can you take Beta2 Blockers with Asthma

A

NO

68
Q

ACE inhibitors meds

A

A pril

lisinopril etc

69
Q

Can you take ACE inhibitors with K+

A

NO

70
Q

Salicylate acid thearpy cntraindications

A

Third trimester pregnancy
Thrombocytopenia
Adolescents with chickenpox

71
Q

Levothiroxine in older adults increases risk for

A

Fractures

72
Q

Vancomycin adverse effect infusion reaction

A

Ren Man Syndrome
Rashes, flushing, tachycardia, hypotension

73
Q

Zosin meds like doxazosin are _ blocker

they…

A

Alpha

relax muscles easing urinary retention and hypertension

74
Q

Benzodiazepines can affect what organ

A

EYES
be careful with eye conditions like glaucoma

75
Q

Montelukast 101
use for

when to take

A

Anti inflammatory
Asthma

once daily at bedtime

76
Q

What do vasopressins for diabetic insipidus pts do?

A

Inreace reabsorption of water in renal tubules

77
Q

Before giving blood document

A

base line vitals

78
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate use

A

NITRATE

long term prophylaxis against heart attacks

ATI Capstone tips (5 decks)

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