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ATI Capstone tips > Med surge > Flashcards

Med surge Flashcards

1
Q

4 Es of Angina factors

A

Exertion - exercise
Eating
Emotional distress
Extreme temp - hot/cold

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2
Q

4Ps of arterial occlusion

A

Pain
Pallor
Paresthesia
Pulselessness

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3
Q

Heart failure treatment
MADD DOG

A

Morphine
Aminophylline - bronchio dilator
Digoxin
Dopamine
Diuretics
Oxygen
Gasses - arterial

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4
Q

Heart murmur causes
SPAMS

A

Stenosis (narrowing) of valve
Partial obstruction
Aneurysm
Septal defect
Mitral regurgitation

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5
Q

Heart sounds
APE To Man

A

Aortic 2 right
Pulmonic 2 left
Erbs 3 left
Tricuspid 4 left
Mitral (APEX) 5 left

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6
Q

Hypertension care DIURETIC

A

Daily weight
I&O
Urine output
Response of BP
Electrolytes
Take pulse
Ischemic episodes
Complications - CVA CAD CHF CRF

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7
Q

SOB
A4+B4

A

Airway obstruction
Angina
Anxiety
Asthma
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary embolus

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8
Q

Stroke sign FAST

A

Face
Arms
Speech
Time

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9
Q

5Ps of comPartment syndrome

A

Pain
Pallor
Pulse decrease
Pressure increase
Paresthesia

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10
Q

Shock
CHORD ITEM

A

Cold
Hypotension
Oliguria
Rapid breathing
Drowsiness
Irritability
Tachycardia
Elevated venous pressure
Multiple organ damage

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11
Q

Hypoglycemia TIREDD

A

Tachycardia
Irritability
Restlessness
Excessive hunger
Diaphoresis

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12
Q

Hypocalcemia CATS

A

Convulsion
Arrhythmias
Tetany
Stridor

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13
Q

hypokalemia 6Ls

A

Lethargy
Leg cramps
Limp muscles
Low resp
Lethal dysrhythmias
Loss of urine (polyuria)

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14
Q

Hypertension complications 4Cs

A

CAD
CHF
CRF Chronic renal failure
CVA cardiovascular accident (brain stoke)

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15
Q

TRACTION

A

Temperature of extremity
Ropes hang freely
Alignment of body
Circulation 5Ps
Type of fracture
Increase fluid intake
Overhead trapeze
Noe weights on bed or floor

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16
Q

Cancer early signs
CAUTION UP

A

Change in bowel/bladder
A lesion that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening of lump
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious warts or moles
Nagging cough
Unexplained weight loss
Pernicious anemia

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17
Q

Leukemia ANT

A

Anemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia

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18
Q

Dialysis AEIOU

A

Acid base balance
Electrolyte balance
Intoxication
Overload of fluids
Uremic symptoms

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19
Q

ASTHMA

A

Adrenergics - albuterol bronchodilators
Steroids
Theophylline
Hydration
Mask O2
Antibiotics

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20
Q

Hypoxia ART BED

A

Anxiety
Restlessness
Tachycardia tachypnea

Bradycardia
Extreme restlessness
Dyspnea

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21
Q

P-THORAX

A

Pleuritic pain
Trach deviation
Hyperresonance
Onset sudden
Reduced breath sounds
Absent fremitus
Xray shows lung collapse

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22
Q

Transient incontinence DIAPERS

A

Delirium
Infection
Atrophic urethra
Pharmaceuticals
Excess urine output
Restricted mobility
Stool impaction

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23
Q

Constipation solutions

A

Exercise
High fiber
High fluid

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24
Q

Dysphagia solutions

A

modify food
high fowlers for swallowing
oral care prior to meals
adequate time
NO THIN liquids

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25
Q

Dumping syndrome 101

A

pyloric sphincters cant control food movement

nausea, distension, diarrhea within 15m of eating

weakens, ^ hr, hypoglycemia

26
Q

Dumping syndrome solutiosn

A

small frequent meals
protein and fat in each meal
avoid sugar
restrict lactose
have liquids separate from food

27
Q

GERD solutions

A

encourage weight loss
avoid large meals at bedtime

28
Q

GERD foods to avoid

A

caffeine
chocolate
fatty foods
peppermint
citrus
spice
carbonated drinks

29
Q

GERD substances to avoid

A

Alcohol
Cigarettes

30
Q

PUD 101
peptic ulcer disease

causing -
bacteria
drug

A

erosion of mucosal layer of stomach

helicobacter pylori
NSAIDs- aspirin, motrin

31
Q

PUD solutions

A

avoid frequent meals
avoid nsaids, smoking, coffee, black pepper, caffeine, spice

32
Q

Diverticulitis diet

avoid

A

First low fiber to avoid stress
Then high fiber to promote passing

seeds or husks

33
Q

Cholecystitis 101

A

Inflammation of gallbladder
gallbladder releases bile which helps digest fat

reduce fat intake to give it a break

34
Q

Other foods to avoid with cholecystitis

A

coffee
broccoli
cauliflower
cabbage
onions
legumes

35
Q

ARF
acute renal failure

can cause what lyte imbalances

A

Hyponatremia
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hyperphosphatemia

36
Q

Pre-End Stage Renal Disease

biggest indicator

A

Creatinine

37
Q

Pre ESRD

diet

A

Limit meat
Limit dairy
Limit high phosphorus food
Limit sodium
Protein needs to be carefully determined

38
Q

Foods high in phosphorus to avoid when in Pre ESRD

A

Peanut butter
dried pease
beans
bran
beer
chocolate
cola

39
Q

GFR in ESRD

A

less than 25ml/min

40
Q

Diet for ESRD

A

high protein
low phosphorus
low potassium
low sodium

fluid restriction

41
Q

Protein intake for ESRD x/y

A

35cal/kg

42
Q

ESRD Vit D deficiency leads to what lyte imbalances

A

Hyperphosphatemia
Hypermagnesemia
Hypocalcemia

43
Q

Greatest intervention to monitor RF and HF

A

Daily weight

44
Q

Nephrotic syndrome cause

A

Serum protein leaking into urine

45
Q

goals of Nephrotic syndrome treatment

A

minimize edema
replace nutrients
minimize renal damage

46
Q

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) treatment

A

INCREASE FLUIDS

lower intake of protein, sodium, calcium, oxalates

47
Q

Treatment principles
SAAL

A

Systemic before local
Acute before chronic
Acute before potential
Listen, dont assume

48
Q

Hypokalemia S/S

A

hyporeflexia
weak, irregular pulse
hypoactive bowels

49
Q

What to check for Diabetes Insipidus

A

Urine Specific Gravity

50
Q

Electrical intervention to treat
Afib
Ventricular tachycardia
Supraventricular tachycardia SVT

A

Synchronized cardioversion

51
Q

What to monitor for delayed wound healing

A

Albumin (protein indicator

52
Q

S3 sound indicates

A

HF

53
Q

Will TRUP pts have an urge to void with Ucath

A

Yes

the Ucath has traction

54
Q

Indicator of complication with TURP

A

Blood in urine

55
Q

Sudden on set of severe headache, decrease in LOC, and seizure indicates

A

Hemorrhagic stroke

56
Q

Escharotomy

A

Incision made to release pressure and remove eschar

57
Q

First indicator of shock

A

Narrowing pulse pressure

aka low difference between systolic and diastolic

58
Q

Increased intracranial pressure
indicators

A

Hypertension
Bradycardia
Irritability

59
Q

Acute osteomyelitis manifesations

A

Localized pain
Hyperthermia/fever
Localized erythema
Tachycardia

60
Q

HIV CD4 Tcell count number

less than what is a problem

A

Less than 180

ATI Capstone tips (5 decks)

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