pharmacology Flashcards
The study of natural drug sources that has been expanded to include chemicals developed and used in laboratory research most correctly describes:
Question 1 options:
A)
Pharmacognosy.
B)
Pharmacodynamics.
C)
Pharmacokinetics.
D)
Pharmacology.
pharmacognosy
Atropine is a powerful organic alkaloid that reacts with acid to form a salt that is readily soluble in body fluids. From which of the following sources is atropine derived?
Question 2 options:
A)
Plant
B)
Mineral
C)
Synthetic
D)
Animal
plant
Examples of synthetically produced medications include:
Question 3 options:
A)
Atropine, morphine, and digitalis.
B)
Magnesium, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium chloride.
C)
Diazepam, fentanyl, and adenosine.
D)
Pepsin, pancreatin, and oxytocin.
diazepam, fentanyl and adenosine
In order to obtain the MOST current information related to a medication, it is suggested that the prehospital provider:
Question 4 options:
A)
Use only local protocol as your source.
B)
Use multiple sources and compare information in conjunction with medical direction.
C)
Utilize the internet as a resource because it is most correct.
D)
Rely on an EMS guide as the sole source of information.
use multiple sources and compare information in conjunction with medical direction
A tool that may be readily available and carried by the prehospital provider for field use when seeking information regarding an unknown medication is:
Question 5 options:
A)
United States Pharmacopeia.
B)
Physicians’ Desk Reference.
C)
Smart phone.
D)
Drug information/hospital formulary.
smart phone
The phase of drug testing that includes determining toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and determining a drug’s “therapeutic index” occurs during:
Question 6 options:
A)
Postmarketing surveillance.
B)
Clinical research and development.
C)
New drug application.
D)
Preclinical testing, research, and development.
preclinical testing research and development
The term “therapeutic index” refers to:
Question 7 options:
A)
Amount of drug required to cause a side effect.
B)
Efficacy of a drug.
C)
Pharmacokinetics of a drug.
D)
Ratio of a drug’s lethal dose to its effective dose.
ratio of a drugs lethal dose to its effective dose
Which of the following statements regarding the use of abbreviations in pharmacology is TRUE?
Question 8 options:
A)
The abbreviation “mg” always will refer to the mineral, magnesium.
B)
Abbreviations vary depending upon the drug manufacture.
C)
The USP in the only recognized source for determining abbreviations.
D)
Abbreviations in pharmacology should be used carefully to avoid confusion and should be agreed upon in local systems.
abbreviations in pharmacology should be used carefully to avoid confusion and should be agreed upon in local systems
Following the designation of a new drug as an “investigational new drug,” there are ________ phases of testing on humans.
Question 9 options:
A)
one
B)
two
C)
three
D)
four
four
The phase of drug testing that determines the pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and safe dose in humans is:
Question 10 options:
A)
Phase one.
B)
Phase two.
C)
Phase three.
D)
Phase four.
phase one
An example of a drug that may receive expedited medical approval would be:
Question 11 options:
A)
A drug that may help prevent a public health threat such as HIV.
B)
A drug that is being evaluated in order to determine the therapeutic index.
C)
A placebo that is administered to provide psychological control of responses.
D)
A drug used to treat a rare disease that affects less than 200,000 people.
a drug that may help prevent a public health threat such as HIV
A drug in which potential tax credits or grants may provide incentives to assist in the research and development for a condition that affects a very small portion of the general population is known as a/an ________.
Question 12 options:
A)
Phase 1 drug
B)
Orphan drug
C)
Expedited drug
D)
Investigational new drug
orphan drug
The FDA may require the manufacture of a drug to post a prominent “black box” warning when:
Question 13 options:
A)
A problem may arise that may lead to death or severe injury if the medication is used.
B)
Following phase one human testing.
C)
Unlabeled uses of the drug occur.
D)
The drug receives IND status (Investigational new drug).
a problem may arise that may lead to death or severe injury if the medication is used
A physician has prescribed a drug normally used for hypertension to treat recurrent episodes of angina based on recommendations of colleagues and the most recent medical journals. Which of the following describes his actions?
Question 14 options:
A)
The physician may do so legally if the uses are posted in the PDR.
B)
The physician may do so legally if the uses are approved by the manufacturer of the drug.
C)
It is illegal for the physician to prescribe a drug for anything other than the manufacturers intended, stated use as registered with the USP.
D)
The physician may do so legally based on the unlabeled use of medications.
the physician may do so legally based on the unlabeled use of medications
The use of standing orders and treatment protocols are BEST described as:
Question 15 options:
A)
The independent authority granted to prehospital care providers a consequence of the Controlled Substance Act.
B)
Treatments that are rendered to treat specific presenting signs and symptoms prior to contacting medical direction.
C)
The emergency care provider following the orders and advise of an on-scene physician.
D)
The administration of morphine following on-line medical consultation.
treatments that are rendered to treat specific presenting signs and symptoms prior to contracting medical direction
The ________ included the truth in labeling clause which would require manufacturers to post a statement accurately describing a package’s content.
Question 16 options:
A)
Kefauver-Harris Amendment
B)
Controlled Substance Act
C)
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
D)
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
federal food, drug and cosmetic act of 1938
Which of the following is TRUE of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970?
Question 17 options:
A)
Provided classifications of drugs into five different categories or “schedules.”
B)
It required labeling of all medications.
C)
Controlled import, manufacture, and sale of the opium plant and derivatives.
D)
It required that manufactures provide proof of safety and effectiveness prior to production.
provided classifications of drugs into five different categories or schedules
Which of the following would be listed as a Schedule I drug?
Question 18 options:
A)
Tramadol
B)
Hydromorphone
C)
Heroin
D)
Codeine
heroin
Careful management of narcotic medications carried on emergency service vehicles includes:
A)
Eliminating standing orders and protocols when using narcotics.
B)
Allowing Schedule I drug if an unlabeled medication use exists according to current literature.
C)
Ensuring that the medications are stored in a substantial safe or cabinet or have a tamperproof seal.
D)
Only using Schedule IV narcotics if necessary.
ensuring that the medications are stored in a substantial safe or cabinet or have a tamperproof seal
A term that refers to the amount of drug that is absorbed and reaches the general circulation is:
A)
Potency.
B)
Bioavailability.
C)
Purity.
D)
Efficacy.
bioavalibility
While checking the medications in your unit’s drug box, you identify the medication, “meperidine hydrochloride, USP.” You recognize this as the drug’s:
A)
Generic name.
B)
Chemical name.
C)
Official name.
D)
Trade name.
official name
Liquid medications administered into the body through intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intravenous are known as:
A)
Parenteral medications.
B)
Prefilled syringes.
C)
Tinctures.
D)
Suspensions.
parenteral medications
After determining that your patient has overdosed on a narcotic medication causing a decreased respiratory drive, you administer the medication, naloxone that opposes the effects of the narcotic increasing the respiratory drive. This is an example of a/an:
A)
Antagonism.
B)
Contraindication.
C)
Side effect.
D)
Adverse reaction.
antagonism
