Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Types of drug effects: Independent effect

A

When two drugs are taken in combination, each is able to act without affecting the other

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2
Q

Types of drug effects: Antagonistic effect

A

When two drugs are taken, the action of one drug blocks or diminishes the action of the other drug in the system

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3
Q

Types of drug effects: Additive effect

A

When two drugs have similar actions, the action of one drug is added to that of the other resulting in a doubling of the effect

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4
Q

Types of drug effects: Potentiation or Synergistic effect

A

Can be highly dangerous; when taken together, the actions of the two drugs are greater than simply adding the two actions

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5
Q

Some drugs are _____, meaning their effects lead to a greater likelihood of repeated use

A

Reinforcing

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6
Q

_____ drugs give satisfaction that increases the likelihood of continued use

A

Positive reinforcing

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7
Q

_____ drugs give unpleasant feelings when no longer taking the substance, which reinforces the user to continue use

A

Negative reinforcing

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8
Q

_____ is sometimes seen with the use of antipsychotics. This disorder includes lolling movements of the tongue and mouth and jerking movements of the limbs, more often seen in women, and may be irreversible

A

Tardive dyskinesia

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9
Q

_____ can occur with the use of all neuroleptics (antipsychotics) but mostly occurs with Haldol and trifluoperazine. Symptoms include confusion, breathing difficulties, hyperthermia, sweating, muscle rigidity, rapid heart rate, and unstable blood pressure. This is life threatening

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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10
Q

The development of _____ is associated with the use of atypical neuroleptics (antipsychotics)

A

Diabetes mellitus

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11
Q

Controlled Substances Act (CSA): Schedule I

A

Extremely high abuse potential, no legitimate medical use; unsafe even taken under medical supervision

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12
Q

Controlled Substances Act (CSA): Schedule II

A

Extremely high abuse potential, do have legitimate and restricted medical uses; dependence is common

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13
Q

Controlled Substances Act (CSA): Schedule III

A

Less likely to be abused and have medical uses; may be abused to the point where they cause low to moderate physical dependence and may cause a high level of psychological dependence

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14
Q

Controlled Substances Act (CSA): Schedule IV

A

Lower potential for being abused and have medical uses (Xanax and Valium)

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15
Q

Controlled Substances Act (CSA): Schedule V

A

Lower potential for being abused and have medical uses (cough syrups containing codeine)

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16
Q

Combining _____ and _____ can increase the effects of the opioid and decrease the rate of respirations, leading to respiratory arrest and/or palpitations and chest pay

A

Alcohol; Opioid drugs

17
Q

Combining a _____ with an _____ can increase the pleasurable response but can also cause abnormal heart rates, rhythms, and possible heart attacks

A

Stimulant; additional stimulant