Pharmacology Flashcards
What are Aspirin’s AE?
- Prolonged bleeding times
2. GI ulceration
What is aspirin’s main TE or indications?
- Antipyretic (prostaglandins inhibited in hypothalamus)
- Analgesic
- Anti-inflammatory
- Anti-platelet (Inhibits blood clotting help prevent MI/thrombosis)
What are Aspirin’s drug interactions?
- Competes with warfarin (Coumadin) an anticoagulant
- Displace Dilantin (phenytoin) anti seizure
- Oral insulin at protein binding sites
- Decreases methotrexate (CA) CRI trexate toxicity
- Alcohol and aspirin CRI GI bleed
Which COX is involved with inflammation?
COX-2
NSAIDS SE?
- Fluid retention
- Decreased urine output (COX 1 inhibition)
- GI irritation (less than ASA)
Glucocorticosteroids indications?
- Cortisol/hydrocortisone
2. Tx of RA, DJD,
Glucocorticosteroids AE?
- Adrenal insufficiency (CRF rapidly withdrawing steroids)
- Immunosuppression
- Depression, mood swings
- Cataracts, increased intraocular pressure
- Hyperglycemia
- Osteoporosis
- GI issues
What is methotrexate?
DMARD: disease modifying anti rheumatic drug
Used with continuing inflammatory disease
What are Anticytokines used for?
Anti-human tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Bind with TNF and inactivate it.
TNF directly involved with RA inflammation
What are Cyclosporines?
Potent immunosuppressant that reduces T and B cell activation
**any change in pt’s RA or health status must be reported to PCP due to drug interactions
What drug treatment can calcium interfere with?
Calcium binds with tetracycline
What are biphosphonates used for?
Osteoporosis Tx
What is Alendronate (Fosamax) for?
Osteoporosis Tx
What is Risedronate (Actonel) for?
Osteoporosis Tx
What does calcitonin hormone therapy do?
Diminished osteoclastic activity
What is Etidronate (Didronel) used for?
- Osteoporosis
- Paget’s
- Heterotopic Ossification
What is diazepam?
Valium
Muscle relaxant
What is Tizanidine (Zanaflex) for?
Muscle relaxant
Used mainly for Spasticity Tx
What is dantrolene (Dantrium) for?
Muscle relaxant
Used for chronic spasticity
What is acetaminophen and what is it used for?
Tylenol
Weak inhibitor of prostaglandins
Antipyretic
Mild-mod pain relief
**>4 g/day can cause fatal liver damage
Thiazides are contraindicated for what population?
Elderly or anyone with renal dysfunction
What is a thiazide med classification?
Diuretic
Inhibits tubular reabsorption of Na and Cl and increases urine output
End result: decreased vascular resistance
Thiazides can increase what med in blood causes toxicity?
Lithium
What do calcium channel blockers do?
Antihypertensive
