pharmacokinetics and pharmodynamics

Question 1

What is pharmodynamics?

Answer 1

Is what a drug does to your body, it’s the study of biochemical, physiologic and molecular effects on the body. Including receptor binding, post-receptor effects and chemical interactions

Question 2

What is pharmacokinetics

Answer 2

The movement of drug between body compartments – through metabolism, absorption, distribution and elimination

Question 3

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 3

Substances released from the axon terminal on excition of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travels across the symaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell.
Chemical messages – happiness, sad, excitation, sedative, pain

Question 4

Different types of pain?

Answer 4

Nociceptive pain – somatic – bones/joints, connective tissues, muscles. Visceral – organs, heart, liver, gut.
Neuropathic pain – deafferentation, sympathetic maintained, peripheral

Question 5

5 phases of nociceptive pain?

Answer 5

Transduction, conduction, transmission, perception, modulation

Question 6

How do agonists work?

Answer 6

They mimic neurotransmitter effects- fit the receptor site/target cells act as lock and key.

Question 7

Give an example of an agonist drug

Answer 7

Salbutamol – beta2 agonist = bronchodilation

Question 8

How do antagonists work?

Answer 8

They block neurotransmitter effects

Question 9

Give an example of an antagonist – how does this drug work?

Answer 9

Naloxone – has a stronger affinity to opioid receptors = knock off receptor sites and takes the place of opioid drugs – only works for 30minutes = OD is temporarily reversed.

Question 10

How does clopidogrel work

Answer 10

The active metabolite selectively inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet (p2y12 receptor) and inhibits subsequent activation of glycoprotein = inhibits platelet aggregation – this action is irreversible